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<p>The demand for lightweight materials in new energy vehicles has driven extensive research into enhancing the performance of spring steels. This study investigates the application of the quenching and partitioning (Q&amp;P) process to 51CrMnV spring steel, a microalloyed high-strength steel, with the aim of simultaneously enhancing strength and ductility. The effects of varying partitioning times (20, 25, and 30 min) on microstructural evolution and tensile properties were systematically investigated. The results indicate that prolonged partitioning time increases ductility but reduces ultimate tensile strength (UTS). The optimal balance between strength and ductility was achieved at a partitioning time of 25 min (PT25), yielding a UTS of 1867&#xa0;MPa, an elongation of 9.7%, and a product of strength and elongation (PSE) of 18.11GPa·%. Microstructural characterization revealed a multiphase structure comprising martensite (77.7%), bainite (12.1%), and retained austenite (10.2%). With increasing partitioning time, the fraction of close-packed (CP) groups increases and high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) increases, while the kernel average misorientation (KAM) and the geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density gradually decreased. These findings demonstrate that Q&amp;P process can effectively enhance the strength-ductility balance of spring steels, offering promising potential for lightweight automotive applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Effect of Partitioning Time on Microstructure Evolution and Tensile Properties in Microalloyed 51CrMnV Spring Steel Processed via Quenching and Partitioning

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • Yonghong Huang,
  • Shaojie Zheng,
  • Rongfu Xu,
  • Simon Yisheng Feng,
  • Wenle Zhang,
  • Yunshan Zhang,
  • Zhigang Wang

摘要

The demand for lightweight materials in new energy vehicles has driven extensive research into enhancing the performance of spring steels. This study investigates the application of the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process to 51CrMnV spring steel, a microalloyed high-strength steel, with the aim of simultaneously enhancing strength and ductility. The effects of varying partitioning times (20, 25, and 30 min) on microstructural evolution and tensile properties were systematically investigated. The results indicate that prolonged partitioning time increases ductility but reduces ultimate tensile strength (UTS). The optimal balance between strength and ductility was achieved at a partitioning time of 25 min (PT25), yielding a UTS of 1867 MPa, an elongation of 9.7%, and a product of strength and elongation (PSE) of 18.11GPa·%. Microstructural characterization revealed a multiphase structure comprising martensite (77.7%), bainite (12.1%), and retained austenite (10.2%). With increasing partitioning time, the fraction of close-packed (CP) groups increases and high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) increases, while the kernel average misorientation (KAM) and the geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density gradually decreased. These findings demonstrate that Q&P process can effectively enhance the strength-ductility balance of spring steels, offering promising potential for lightweight automotive applications.

Graphical Abstract