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<p>Glass-ceramics for medical and dental applications typically rely on high zirconia contents to achieve adequate mechanical performance, often at the expense of chemical stability and optical behavior. This study reports the first comprehensive in vitro stability evaluation of a newly developed multiphase ZrSiO<sub>4</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub>-Zr<sub>0.95</sub>Y<sub>0.066</sub>O<sub>1.985</sub>-LiAl(SiO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> (ZYLAS) glass-ceramic. The material was synthesized via a solid-state reaction route combined with modified two-step sintering, enabling controlled phase development at a moderate ZrO<sub>2</sub> content of 33.99&#xa0;mol.%. Mechanical, microstructural, and chemical stability were systematically assessed following immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 28&#xa0;days and artificial saliva (ATS) at pH values of 3.5, 7.4, and 10 for 10&#xa0;days. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed complete phase stability without peak shifts or secondary phase formation. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed dense, homogeneous microstructures with smooth surfaces (Ra &lt; 11.7&#xa0;nm). Despite the reduced zirconia content, the ZYLAS 1 and 2 exhibited robust mechanical performance, with diametral tensile strengths of 28 ± 5&#xa0;MPa and 25 ± 0.5&#xa0;MPa, and Vickers microhardness values of 761 ± 80&#xa0;HV and 730 ± 50&#xa0;HV, respectively. Solubility remained well below ISO 6876 limits, while optical band gaps of 3.75–3.85&#xa0;eV indicate colorless and optically stable behavior. These findings demonstrate a previously unreported combination of mechanical robustness, chemical stability, and optical neutrality in a multiphase glass-ceramic, underscoring the potential of ZYLAS for demanding dental and biomedical applications.</p>

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Microstructural and Mechanical Stability of ZrSiO4-ZrO2-Zr0.95Y0.066O1.985-LiAl (SiO3)2 (ZYLAS) Glass-Ceramic Synthesized Via Solid-State Reaction in Physiological Environments

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月16日

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  • Gulsan Ara Sathi Kazi,
  • Areef Billah,
  • Ko Tanno,
  • Natsuko Hayama,
  • Azusa Takahashi,
  • Bashir Ahmmad

摘要

Glass-ceramics for medical and dental applications typically rely on high zirconia contents to achieve adequate mechanical performance, often at the expense of chemical stability and optical behavior. This study reports the first comprehensive in vitro stability evaluation of a newly developed multiphase ZrSiO4-ZrO2-Zr0.95Y0.066O1.985-LiAl(SiO3)2 (ZYLAS) glass-ceramic. The material was synthesized via a solid-state reaction route combined with modified two-step sintering, enabling controlled phase development at a moderate ZrO2 content of 33.99 mol.%. Mechanical, microstructural, and chemical stability were systematically assessed following immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 28 days and artificial saliva (ATS) at pH values of 3.5, 7.4, and 10 for 10 days. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed complete phase stability without peak shifts or secondary phase formation. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed dense, homogeneous microstructures with smooth surfaces (Ra < 11.7 nm). Despite the reduced zirconia content, the ZYLAS 1 and 2 exhibited robust mechanical performance, with diametral tensile strengths of 28 ± 5 MPa and 25 ± 0.5 MPa, and Vickers microhardness values of 761 ± 80 HV and 730 ± 50 HV, respectively. Solubility remained well below ISO 6876 limits, while optical band gaps of 3.75–3.85 eV indicate colorless and optically stable behavior. These findings demonstrate a previously unreported combination of mechanical robustness, chemical stability, and optical neutrality in a multiphase glass-ceramic, underscoring the potential of ZYLAS for demanding dental and biomedical applications.