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<p>AZ61 magnesium alloy is a promising biodegradable material for cardiovascular stents due to its favorable mechanical properties and compatibility with vascular tissue. However, its poor corrosion resistance in physiological environments limits its biomedical use. To address this, this study improves the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of AZ61 through surface modification using Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Selenium (Se) composite coatings. Samples were coated via dip-coating for different durations: 0.5 hours (S1), 1&#xa0;hour (S2), 2&#xa0;hours (S3), 3 hours (S4), and 4 hours (S5). Electrochemical tests (Tafel polarization and EIS), surface roughness analysis, x-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM-EDX, wettability (contact angle), and cytotoxicity testing (MTT assay with 3T3-L1 fibroblasts) were used to evaluate performance. The S4 sample (3-hour coating) showed the best results with the lowest corrosion current density, highest impedance, improved surface roughness (Ra = 3.675&#xa0;μm), enhanced hydrophilicity (contact angle = 35°), and high cell viability (89%). XRD confirmed the deposition of HA and Se phases without disrupting the AZ61 structure, while EDX validated the presence of these elements. SEM revealed a dense, well-adhered coating. This work demonstrates that coating duration significantly influences the quality and functional performance of the coating. The 3-hour HA–Se coated AZ61 alloy is a promising option for biodegradable implants, combining corrosion protection with biocompatibility.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Synergistic Effect of Hydroxyapatite and Selenium Coatings on AZ61 Magnesium Alloy for Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Improved Cell Compatibility in Biomedical Implants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • C Uthirapathy,
  • Mathivanan Arumugam

摘要

AZ61 magnesium alloy is a promising biodegradable material for cardiovascular stents due to its favorable mechanical properties and compatibility with vascular tissue. However, its poor corrosion resistance in physiological environments limits its biomedical use. To address this, this study improves the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of AZ61 through surface modification using Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Selenium (Se) composite coatings. Samples were coated via dip-coating for different durations: 0.5 hours (S1), 1 hour (S2), 2 hours (S3), 3 hours (S4), and 4 hours (S5). Electrochemical tests (Tafel polarization and EIS), surface roughness analysis, x-ray diffraction (XRD), SEM-EDX, wettability (contact angle), and cytotoxicity testing (MTT assay with 3T3-L1 fibroblasts) were used to evaluate performance. The S4 sample (3-hour coating) showed the best results with the lowest corrosion current density, highest impedance, improved surface roughness (Ra = 3.675 μm), enhanced hydrophilicity (contact angle = 35°), and high cell viability (89%). XRD confirmed the deposition of HA and Se phases without disrupting the AZ61 structure, while EDX validated the presence of these elements. SEM revealed a dense, well-adhered coating. This work demonstrates that coating duration significantly influences the quality and functional performance of the coating. The 3-hour HA–Se coated AZ61 alloy is a promising option for biodegradable implants, combining corrosion protection with biocompatibility.

Graphical Abstract