<p>The method of ultrasonic-temperature milling was proposed to study the effect of ultrasonic amplitude and preheating temperature on the residual stress of Ti₂AlNb cladding layer. Experimental results show that ultrasonic-temperature milling promotes the transformation of residual tensile stress to compressive stress by reducing the milling force and grain size. With the increase of ultrasonic amplitude, the milling force decreases first and then increases, leading to the trend of increasing first and then decreasing of residual compressive stress. And with the increase of preheating temperature, the milling force increases first and then decreases, resulting in the trend of increasing first and then stabilizing of residual compressive stress. The columnar grains on the surface are split and completely recrystallized, and the more obvious the grain refinement, the greater the residual compressive stress. The synergistic effect of ultrasonic and preheating improves the plasticity and grain refinement of the material in the depth of 0 – 800&#xa0;μm, which significantly changes the phase distribution of the B₂ phase, O phase, and α₂ phase, and promotes the increase of the depth of residual compressive stress layer. This study shows that ultrasonic-temperature milling is effective to promote compressive stress.</p>