<p>In this study, the x-ray diffraction (XRD) and the finite element method (FEM) are utilized, respectively, to measure residual stresses in the surface and to compute the same across the volume for Fe-30Mn-9Al-0.8C low-density steel during multiaxial forging (MAF). The interplanar spacing (d) and sin²ψ values obtained from XRD are employed in triaxial stress analysis to determine all stress components. The results of d vs sin²ψ show ψ-splitting; and thus, it indicates the presence of shear stresses. For FEM simulation, a microstructure based modified Johnson–Cook model is employed to predict the residual stress. Normal residual stresses calculated by the FEM analysis at the surface exhibit a compressive nature and are consistent with the stress behavior observed in the XRD method. FEM analysis demonstrates a clear variation of compressive residual stresses from the surface to the inner core. However, tensile residual stress is generated at the depth during the 1^st pass in the flow direction. The shear stress components exhibit lower magnitude compared to normal stresses and display a random nature attributed to sample rotation during MAF and die friction. Additionally, the compressive residual stress reaches its highest at the inner core during 3rd pass but reduces on subsequent passes. It becomes tensile between the surface and inner core during the 5th pass in normal directions. Dislocation density plays a significant role in generating residual stress in the early passes, however, as the process advances, their continued evolution induces stress relaxation.</p>