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<p>This study evaluates the impact of seven infill patterns—Tri-hexagonal, Triangle, Grid, Honeycomb, Gyroid, Cubic, and Concentric—at three infill densities (25%, 50%, and 75%) on the compressive strength and energy absorption of PLA specimens produced via fused deposition modeling (FDM). Among all patterns, tri-hexagonal, triangle, and grid demonstrated the highest performance, with compressive strengths increasing from 18&#xa0;MPa at 25% density to 54&#xa0;MPa at 75%, and energy absorption rising from 98 to 398&#xa0;J. Gyroid and Cubic patterns provided moderate compressive strengths (12-37&#xa0;MPa) and energy absorption (77-369&#xa0;J), with ductile-like failure behavior observed across all densities. The Honeycomb pattern showed strong initial performance at 25% density, matching the high-performing patterns, but transitioned to behavior more typical of Gyroid and Cubic patterns at higher densities. In contrast, the concentric pattern consistently showed the lowest mechanical properties, with compressive strengths of 8-29&#xa0;MPa and energy absorption values ranging from 38 to 299&#xa0;J. Across all patterns, increased infill density significantly improved compressive strength, energy absorption, strength-to-mass ratio (SMR), and specific energy absorption (SEA), highlighting potential for performance optimization in lightweight, cost-effective, and sustainable 3D-printed components. In addition, the results revealed a strong correlation between compressive strength and energy absorption, where the Tri-hexagonal, Triangle, and Grid structures exhibited both high strength and superior energy absorption efficiency, reflecting excellent structural integrity and energy dissipation. Meanwhile, the Gyroid and Cubic patterns displayed relatively lower strength but enhanced ductility, indicating improved impact resistance. Hence, the optimal infill configuration depended on the intended application, balancing strength and toughness to achieve the desired mechanical performance.</p>

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Investigating the Effect of Infill Parameters on the Compressive Strength and Energy Absorption Properties of 3D-Printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) Material

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月23日

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  • Gouda Saeed,
  • G. M. Abdo,
  • S. I. Gad,
  • Ahmed Ibrahim

摘要

This study evaluates the impact of seven infill patterns—Tri-hexagonal, Triangle, Grid, Honeycomb, Gyroid, Cubic, and Concentric—at three infill densities (25%, 50%, and 75%) on the compressive strength and energy absorption of PLA specimens produced via fused deposition modeling (FDM). Among all patterns, tri-hexagonal, triangle, and grid demonstrated the highest performance, with compressive strengths increasing from 18 MPa at 25% density to 54 MPa at 75%, and energy absorption rising from 98 to 398 J. Gyroid and Cubic patterns provided moderate compressive strengths (12-37 MPa) and energy absorption (77-369 J), with ductile-like failure behavior observed across all densities. The Honeycomb pattern showed strong initial performance at 25% density, matching the high-performing patterns, but transitioned to behavior more typical of Gyroid and Cubic patterns at higher densities. In contrast, the concentric pattern consistently showed the lowest mechanical properties, with compressive strengths of 8-29 MPa and energy absorption values ranging from 38 to 299 J. Across all patterns, increased infill density significantly improved compressive strength, energy absorption, strength-to-mass ratio (SMR), and specific energy absorption (SEA), highlighting potential for performance optimization in lightweight, cost-effective, and sustainable 3D-printed components. In addition, the results revealed a strong correlation between compressive strength and energy absorption, where the Tri-hexagonal, Triangle, and Grid structures exhibited both high strength and superior energy absorption efficiency, reflecting excellent structural integrity and energy dissipation. Meanwhile, the Gyroid and Cubic patterns displayed relatively lower strength but enhanced ductility, indicating improved impact resistance. Hence, the optimal infill configuration depended on the intended application, balancing strength and toughness to achieve the desired mechanical performance.