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<p>To minimize deformation during the manufacturing of non-tempered steel crankshafts, the quenching sequence as well as the heating and cooling rates should be systematically optimized. In this study, the effect of medium-frequency quenching process parameters—specifically, heating and cooling rates—on the microstructural properties of a four-cylinder 38Mn2SiN steel crankshaft is determined by adjusting these rates. The deformation, hardened layer morphology, hardness, and microstructural properties at key positions on the crankshaft are compared under the different heating and cooling rates. The results show that the increasing cooling rate can accelerate temperature conduction, leading to higher deformation and internal stress, with deformation exceeding the process requirement significantly (by approximately 0.62&#xa0;mm) and the morphology of the hardened layer altered noticeably. In contrast, reducing the heating and cooling rates effectively decreases deformation, while ensuring the morphology and hardness of the hardened layer meet the process requirements. The optimal medium-frequency quenching process is as follows: The quenching power is 90&#xa0;kW, the heating and cooling times are both 10 s, the quenching liquid concentration is 13%, the quenching liquid temperature is 32&#xa0;°C, and the quenching liquid water pressure is 2.6&#xa0;MPa. Moreover, these results are also compared with those of the crankshaft produced by the initial medium-frequency quenching process. Herein, the optimized results effectively reduce residual stresses in the crankshaft, enhance the uniformity of their distribution, and lower the risk of deformation and/or failure caused by the superposition of residual stresses. The findings of this study can be applied to enhance the performance and production quality of crankshafts manufactured from non-tempered steel.</p>

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Effect of the Medium-Frequency Quenching Mode on the Microstructural Characteristics and Comprehensive Properties of Non-tempered 38Mn2SiN Steel Crankshafts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月3日

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  • Ying Ma,
  • Hui-Wang Ning,
  • Jing-Jing Qu,
  • Gao Yue,
  • Lei Zhou,
  • Fu-Sheng Zeng,
  • Yu Chen,
  • Fei Liu

摘要

To minimize deformation during the manufacturing of non-tempered steel crankshafts, the quenching sequence as well as the heating and cooling rates should be systematically optimized. In this study, the effect of medium-frequency quenching process parameters—specifically, heating and cooling rates—on the microstructural properties of a four-cylinder 38Mn2SiN steel crankshaft is determined by adjusting these rates. The deformation, hardened layer morphology, hardness, and microstructural properties at key positions on the crankshaft are compared under the different heating and cooling rates. The results show that the increasing cooling rate can accelerate temperature conduction, leading to higher deformation and internal stress, with deformation exceeding the process requirement significantly (by approximately 0.62 mm) and the morphology of the hardened layer altered noticeably. In contrast, reducing the heating and cooling rates effectively decreases deformation, while ensuring the morphology and hardness of the hardened layer meet the process requirements. The optimal medium-frequency quenching process is as follows: The quenching power is 90 kW, the heating and cooling times are both 10 s, the quenching liquid concentration is 13%, the quenching liquid temperature is 32 °C, and the quenching liquid water pressure is 2.6 MPa. Moreover, these results are also compared with those of the crankshaft produced by the initial medium-frequency quenching process. Herein, the optimized results effectively reduce residual stresses in the crankshaft, enhance the uniformity of their distribution, and lower the risk of deformation and/or failure caused by the superposition of residual stresses. The findings of this study can be applied to enhance the performance and production quality of crankshafts manufactured from non-tempered steel.