<p>Workpiece surface quality improvement can be achieved through flank face derivative cutting of micro-textured tools. However, existing studies have not systematically investigated the effects of micro-texture parameters on both derivative cutting and the quality of machined surfaces. In this study, dry cutting experiments with different micro-textured tools (<i>T</i>1, <i>T</i>2 and <i>T</i>3) were carried out to evaluate the effect of derivative cutting on machined surface. Results showed that <i>T</i>2 tools produced surfaces with smoother topographies, shallower fine-grain zones and lower work hardening compared to those produced by other textured tools. The effect of micro-textured tools on regulation of machined surface quality is analyzed. The friction-reducing effect of micro-textures suppresses material build-up on the machined surface, and derivative cutting removes the micro-defects of machined surface, synergistically improving surface integrity.</p>