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<p>To improve the hydrogen storage performance of Mg-Ni alloys, cerium (Ce) was introduced, and Mg-Ni-Ce alloys were fabricated through electrodeposition. The effects of individual process parameters were examined using multi-dimensional characterization, and response surface methodology was subsequently applied, with hydrogen absorption serving as the response index. Using JMP software, the effects of parameter interactions were analyzed to determine the optimal combination for maximum performance. The surface morphology, elemental composition, phase structure, hydrogen absorption capacity, and charge-discharge cycle stability of the synthesized Mg-Ni-Ce alloys were evaluated using a field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and electrochemical workstation. Characterization results showed that current density, duty cycle, temperature, and Ce<sup>3+</sup> concentration had significant effects on the Mg-Ni-Ce alloys, with hydrogen absorption initially increasing and then decreasing. Response surface analysis identified the optimal parameters as 10.34 mA/cm<sup>2</sup> current density, 43.38% duty cycle, 45.32 °C temperature, and 0.023 mol/L Ce<sup>3+</sup> concentration, corresponding to a maximum predicted hydrogen absorption of 5.25 wt.%. Under these conditions, the prepared alloys exhibited an actual average absorption of 5.18 wt.%, with a relative error of only 1.35% compared to the predicted value, confirming the model's high precision and reliability. Experimental characterization further revealed that the primary phase of the synthesized Mg-Ni-Ce alloy was CeMg<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>9</sub>. Furthermore, the alloy prepared under optimized conditions displayed a smoother surface morphology, enhanced hydrogen storage capacity, and improved cyclic stability. This study elucidates the influence of rare earth element doping and electrodeposition parameters on the hydrogen storage behavior of Mg-Ni-Ce alloys, providing valuable experimental evidence and theoretical guidance for advancing high-performance Mg-based hydrogen storage materials.</p>

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Preparation and Characterization of Electrodeposited Mg-Ni-Ce Alloys for Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Zhiru Zhao,
  • Xinyue Liu,
  • Quanqing Zhang,
  • Xiaohang Zhu,
  • Wei Zheng,
  • Lijie He

摘要

To improve the hydrogen storage performance of Mg-Ni alloys, cerium (Ce) was introduced, and Mg-Ni-Ce alloys were fabricated through electrodeposition. The effects of individual process parameters were examined using multi-dimensional characterization, and response surface methodology was subsequently applied, with hydrogen absorption serving as the response index. Using JMP software, the effects of parameter interactions were analyzed to determine the optimal combination for maximum performance. The surface morphology, elemental composition, phase structure, hydrogen absorption capacity, and charge-discharge cycle stability of the synthesized Mg-Ni-Ce alloys were evaluated using a field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and electrochemical workstation. Characterization results showed that current density, duty cycle, temperature, and Ce3+ concentration had significant effects on the Mg-Ni-Ce alloys, with hydrogen absorption initially increasing and then decreasing. Response surface analysis identified the optimal parameters as 10.34 mA/cm2 current density, 43.38% duty cycle, 45.32 °C temperature, and 0.023 mol/L Ce3+ concentration, corresponding to a maximum predicted hydrogen absorption of 5.25 wt.%. Under these conditions, the prepared alloys exhibited an actual average absorption of 5.18 wt.%, with a relative error of only 1.35% compared to the predicted value, confirming the model's high precision and reliability. Experimental characterization further revealed that the primary phase of the synthesized Mg-Ni-Ce alloy was CeMg2Ni9. Furthermore, the alloy prepared under optimized conditions displayed a smoother surface morphology, enhanced hydrogen storage capacity, and improved cyclic stability. This study elucidates the influence of rare earth element doping and electrodeposition parameters on the hydrogen storage behavior of Mg-Ni-Ce alloys, providing valuable experimental evidence and theoretical guidance for advancing high-performance Mg-based hydrogen storage materials.