<p>The enhancement of friction resistance through anodization is critical for extending the durability and performance of aluminum alloys in demanding applications. This study presents an analysis of 2017A-aluminum, subjected to varying anodizing currents: 1, 2, and 3 A/dm². By systematically modifying the anodizing parameters, we aim to elucidate the correlation between the anodizing current and the tribological performance of the oxide layers. Our findings provide valuable insights into optimizing anodization processes for 2017A-aluminum, thereby paving the way for the development of more wear-resistant materials. Comprehensive experimental evaluations, including wear tests and microstructural analysis, demonstrate the significant impact of these variables on the tribological properties of the anodized surfaces. Energy–dispersive spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and surface profilometry were used to propose a correlation between the anodizing process, surface microstructure, and tribological behavior. The oxide layer thickness increases with the increase in the applied current. By modifying the anodizing current, we observe the Influence on the pore size at the surface of the oxide layers. All the oxide layers have a minimum friction coefficient of around 0.2. With time, the oxide layer is removed from the surface. When the oxide layer is thick, its durability is enhanced. In this study, we propose an interpretation of the tribological behavior in relation to the composition and microstructure of the oxide layer.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>