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<p>This study explores the enhancement of tensile and impact properties of 2Cr13 steel through the combined application of laser surface melting (LSM) and shot peening (SP) and systematically evaluates the associated changes in cross-sectional morphology, microstructure, residual stress, hardness, surface roughness, and overall mechanical performance. With increasing current intensity, both the width and depth of the melting zone (MZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) expand, with the depth exhibiting a greater relative increase (29.8%) compared to the width (22.5%). Rapid solidification within the MZ produces refined martensitic equiaxed grains free from pores, cracks, and elemental segregation, whereas the HAZ retains coarser grains. Subsequent SP treatment further refines the grains, generates a high density of dislocations and deformation twins, and converts the tensile residual stresses induced by LSM into beneficial compressive stresses, reaching a maximum of − 738.3&#xa0;MPa at 30&#xa0;μm depth after double SP. The combined LSM + SP process significantly enhances mechanical properties: relative to the as-received steel, tensile strength increases by 36.1% (1167.5&#xa0;MPa), yield strength by 33.4%, impact toughness by 16.6% (154.1&#xa0;J/mm<sup>2</sup>), and surface hardness by 232.9% (732.9 HV<sub>0.2</sub>). Moreover, SP effectively mitigates the increased surface roughness caused by LSM, achieving a maximum Ra reduction of 68.9% after double SP. Mechanistic analysis attributes these improvements to the synergistic interaction of rapid solidification-induced grain refinement from LSM, combined with additional grain refinement, compressive stress introduction, and surface smoothing provided by SP. The coordinated enhancement of strength, hardness, and toughness demonstrates a dual strengthening mechanism of “grain refinement + stress regulation,” offering an efficient and industrially viable strategy for the surface modification of 2Cr13 steel.</p>

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Improvement of Tensile and Impact Properties of 2Cr13 Steel by Combined Treatment of Laser Surface Melting and Shot Peening

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • JiaWei Zhao,
  • Chunyan Luo,
  • Hui Sun

摘要

This study explores the enhancement of tensile and impact properties of 2Cr13 steel through the combined application of laser surface melting (LSM) and shot peening (SP) and systematically evaluates the associated changes in cross-sectional morphology, microstructure, residual stress, hardness, surface roughness, and overall mechanical performance. With increasing current intensity, both the width and depth of the melting zone (MZ) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) expand, with the depth exhibiting a greater relative increase (29.8%) compared to the width (22.5%). Rapid solidification within the MZ produces refined martensitic equiaxed grains free from pores, cracks, and elemental segregation, whereas the HAZ retains coarser grains. Subsequent SP treatment further refines the grains, generates a high density of dislocations and deformation twins, and converts the tensile residual stresses induced by LSM into beneficial compressive stresses, reaching a maximum of − 738.3 MPa at 30 μm depth after double SP. The combined LSM + SP process significantly enhances mechanical properties: relative to the as-received steel, tensile strength increases by 36.1% (1167.5 MPa), yield strength by 33.4%, impact toughness by 16.6% (154.1 J/mm2), and surface hardness by 232.9% (732.9 HV0.2). Moreover, SP effectively mitigates the increased surface roughness caused by LSM, achieving a maximum Ra reduction of 68.9% after double SP. Mechanistic analysis attributes these improvements to the synergistic interaction of rapid solidification-induced grain refinement from LSM, combined with additional grain refinement, compressive stress introduction, and surface smoothing provided by SP. The coordinated enhancement of strength, hardness, and toughness demonstrates a dual strengthening mechanism of “grain refinement + stress regulation,” offering an efficient and industrially viable strategy for the surface modification of 2Cr13 steel.