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<p>This study investigates the influence of welding speed on the microstructure, crystallographic texture, and mechanical properties of Q460D high-strength steel joints. Optical microscopy, EBSD, and XRD were employed to characterize microstructural transformations and phase orientation behavior at different welding speeds. Results revealed a distinct gradient in microstructure and grain boundary character across the weld zones, with the partially recrystallized heat-affected zone (PRHAZ) exhibiting the highest recrystallization fraction (77.5%) at 330&#xa0;mm/min. The (110) α-Fe texture was most prominent at this speed, driven by enhanced lattice alignment under optimized thermal conditions. Mechanical testing indicated that a welding speed of 320&#xa0;mm/min yielded the highest tensile strength (743&#xa0;MPa) and favorable elongation (11%). Fractographic analysis confirmed ductile failure, with equiaxed dimples and dispersed precipitates near the heat-affected zone. The findings demonstrate that precise control of welding speed can optimize the microstructure and mechanical performance of Q460D welded joints, offering practical guidance for structural applications of high-strength steels.</p>

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Impact of Welding Velocity on the Microstructure and Mechanical Characteristics of Welded Joints in Q460D High-Strength Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月14日

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  • Chenglong Liu,
  • Youping Sun,
  • Jiangmei He,
  • Wangzhen Li,
  • Xinyu Liu,
  • Wengang Chen,
  • Kafei Zhang

摘要

This study investigates the influence of welding speed on the microstructure, crystallographic texture, and mechanical properties of Q460D high-strength steel joints. Optical microscopy, EBSD, and XRD were employed to characterize microstructural transformations and phase orientation behavior at different welding speeds. Results revealed a distinct gradient in microstructure and grain boundary character across the weld zones, with the partially recrystallized heat-affected zone (PRHAZ) exhibiting the highest recrystallization fraction (77.5%) at 330 mm/min. The (110) α-Fe texture was most prominent at this speed, driven by enhanced lattice alignment under optimized thermal conditions. Mechanical testing indicated that a welding speed of 320 mm/min yielded the highest tensile strength (743 MPa) and favorable elongation (11%). Fractographic analysis confirmed ductile failure, with equiaxed dimples and dispersed precipitates near the heat-affected zone. The findings demonstrate that precise control of welding speed can optimize the microstructure and mechanical performance of Q460D welded joints, offering practical guidance for structural applications of high-strength steels.