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<p>To enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance of 65Mn steel, Fe-based composite coatings containing 5, 10, and 15 wt.% TiC were fabricated by laser cladding. The phase composition, microstructure, hardness, and tribological properties were investigated using XRD, SEM, EDS, and numerical simulations. Increasing TiC accelerated solidification, transforming the microstructure from pearlite to feather-like bainite and reducing secondary carbides. The low thermal conductivity of TiC created a localized “thermal island” effect, raising surface temperature and promoting the formation of high-hardness phases such as (Cr,Fe)<sub>7</sub>C<sub>3</sub>. This also alleviated thermal stresses and suppressed cracking. Microhardness and wear tests showed that the 15 wt.% TiC coating achieved the highest hardness (≈3.9 times the substrate) and the lowest wear loss, demonstrating superior wear resistance. Overall, the 15 wt.% TiC coating exhibited the most favorable combination of hardness and tribological performance.</p>

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Fabrication of TiC–Fe-Based Composite Coating on 65Mn Steel Surface by Laser Cladding Technology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Weikang Ding,
  • Yuzhen Yu,
  • Xi Wang,
  • Donglu Mo

摘要

To enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance of 65Mn steel, Fe-based composite coatings containing 5, 10, and 15 wt.% TiC were fabricated by laser cladding. The phase composition, microstructure, hardness, and tribological properties were investigated using XRD, SEM, EDS, and numerical simulations. Increasing TiC accelerated solidification, transforming the microstructure from pearlite to feather-like bainite and reducing secondary carbides. The low thermal conductivity of TiC created a localized “thermal island” effect, raising surface temperature and promoting the formation of high-hardness phases such as (Cr,Fe)7C3. This also alleviated thermal stresses and suppressed cracking. Microhardness and wear tests showed that the 15 wt.% TiC coating achieved the highest hardness (≈3.9 times the substrate) and the lowest wear loss, demonstrating superior wear resistance. Overall, the 15 wt.% TiC coating exhibited the most favorable combination of hardness and tribological performance.