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<p>In this work, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on the effects of the ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP) on selective laser melted (SLM) commercial pure titanium (CP-Ti), focusing on surface integrity and internal porosity. USRP was found to generate nanocrystalline structures on the surface and form a hardened, plastically deformed, and densified layer, while introducing beneficial residual compressive stress. USRP primarily enhances the surface integrity of SLM CP-Ti through surface wear. At 400&#xa0;N, wear is insufficient to fully remove the original surface asperities, leading to the formation of scaly structures, whereas at 600&#xa0;N, wear is strong enough to prevent scaly structures but may generate localized wear defects, resulting in higher surface roughness compared to 400&#xa0;N. Densification of subsurface layers was detected, and it was noted that the pore volume decreased, while the pore morphology changed from elongated shape to spherical. Meanwhile, the orientation of pores altered depending on the applied static force. By correlating the surface and subsurface changes to the applied static forces, this work proposes an optimization idea for enhancing the mechanical and surface properties of SLM CP-Ti components.</p>

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Influence of Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Process on Surface Integrity and Internal Porosity in Selective Laser Melted CP-Ti

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Xingyi Li,
  • Hao Tang,
  • Jiantao Zhang,
  • Xiaoying Xi,
  • Xiao Liu,
  • Zhiyu Xiao

摘要

In this work, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on the effects of the ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP) on selective laser melted (SLM) commercial pure titanium (CP-Ti), focusing on surface integrity and internal porosity. USRP was found to generate nanocrystalline structures on the surface and form a hardened, plastically deformed, and densified layer, while introducing beneficial residual compressive stress. USRP primarily enhances the surface integrity of SLM CP-Ti through surface wear. At 400 N, wear is insufficient to fully remove the original surface asperities, leading to the formation of scaly structures, whereas at 600 N, wear is strong enough to prevent scaly structures but may generate localized wear defects, resulting in higher surface roughness compared to 400 N. Densification of subsurface layers was detected, and it was noted that the pore volume decreased, while the pore morphology changed from elongated shape to spherical. Meanwhile, the orientation of pores altered depending on the applied static force. By correlating the surface and subsurface changes to the applied static forces, this work proposes an optimization idea for enhancing the mechanical and surface properties of SLM CP-Ti components.