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<p>In this study, we analyzed the influencing factors of the mechanical behavior of different types of nanoporous materials from the perspective of surface bond order loss, including open-cell structures, conventional closed-cell structures, and special closed-cell structures with open windows. Through synergistic integration of Bond Order-Length-Strength (BOLS) theory and Gibson–Ashby scaling relationships across an extensive ligament size continuum (2-1&#xa0;μm), a generalized scaling framework analogous to inverse Hall–Petch formulations (designated IHPR-type) emerges. This unified model quantitatively delineates the critical structural sizes governing the strength transition from “smaller is stronger” to “smaller is weaker” behavior (e.g., 4.918-6.06 nm in nanoporous gold with relative densities of 0.3-0.8), while identifying key structural parameters influencing yield strength. Notably, at this critical size, the material strength can reach or even exceed its bulk value, with certain materials (such as nanoporous Pd) achieving up to 200% of the bulk strength. Additionally, we established a complementary scaling formalism to describe the dependence of Young’s modulus on these structural determinants, creating an integrated multiscale paradigm that rationalizes the mechanical performance of NP materials across cellular structure variations. This provides theoretical guidance for the design of lightweight and high-strength nanoporous materials.</p>

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Unveiling the Mechanical Behavior of Nanoporous Materials: A Surface Bond Order Loss Perspective

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月27日

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  • Fuyao Chen,
  • Zhaofeng Zhou,
  • Zesheng Hu

摘要

In this study, we analyzed the influencing factors of the mechanical behavior of different types of nanoporous materials from the perspective of surface bond order loss, including open-cell structures, conventional closed-cell structures, and special closed-cell structures with open windows. Through synergistic integration of Bond Order-Length-Strength (BOLS) theory and Gibson–Ashby scaling relationships across an extensive ligament size continuum (2-1 μm), a generalized scaling framework analogous to inverse Hall–Petch formulations (designated IHPR-type) emerges. This unified model quantitatively delineates the critical structural sizes governing the strength transition from “smaller is stronger” to “smaller is weaker” behavior (e.g., 4.918-6.06 nm in nanoporous gold with relative densities of 0.3-0.8), while identifying key structural parameters influencing yield strength. Notably, at this critical size, the material strength can reach or even exceed its bulk value, with certain materials (such as nanoporous Pd) achieving up to 200% of the bulk strength. Additionally, we established a complementary scaling formalism to describe the dependence of Young’s modulus on these structural determinants, creating an integrated multiscale paradigm that rationalizes the mechanical performance of NP materials across cellular structure variations. This provides theoretical guidance for the design of lightweight and high-strength nanoporous materials.