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<p>Unlike the conventional heat treatment process for spring steel, which typically involves salt bath quenching followed by tempering, this paper employs the bainite quenching and tempering (BQT) process, using high-temperature quenching oil with a flash point of 370&#xa0;°C as the quenching medium. The effects of a bainite quenching and tempering (BQT) process on the microstructure and properties of micro-alloyed 51CrMnV spring steel are investigated. The microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometer, and electron backscatter diffraction techniques. The results show that the microstructure of the steel after BQT heat treatment consists of a multiphase structure, including bainite, martensite and retained austenite. An optimal balance of strength and ductility was achieved with a bainitic quenching time of 5 minutes at 280&#xa0;°C, resulting in an ultimate tensile strength of 1632&#xa0;MPa and a total elongation of 15.54%. This is attributed to the multiphase microstructure, which consists of bainite, martensite, and retained austenite, providing excellent strength and ductility through their effective bonding. Fracture analysis indicates that as quenching time increases, the fracture mode transitions from brittle intergranular fracture to ductile fracture. This study highlights the potential of the BQT process for producing high-performance spring steels for the automotive industry.</p>

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Effect of Bainitic Transformation during Bainite Quenching and Tempering (BQT) on the Tensile Properties of 51CrMnV Spring Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月20日

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  • Shaojie Zheng,
  • Peng Qi,
  • Simon Yisheng Feng,
  • Jie Zhao,
  • Jiaxin Mu,
  • Wenle Zhang,
  • Yunshan Zhang,
  • Lei Yin,
  • Rongfu Xu

摘要

Unlike the conventional heat treatment process for spring steel, which typically involves salt bath quenching followed by tempering, this paper employs the bainite quenching and tempering (BQT) process, using high-temperature quenching oil with a flash point of 370 °C as the quenching medium. The effects of a bainite quenching and tempering (BQT) process on the microstructure and properties of micro-alloyed 51CrMnV spring steel are investigated. The microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometer, and electron backscatter diffraction techniques. The results show that the microstructure of the steel after BQT heat treatment consists of a multiphase structure, including bainite, martensite and retained austenite. An optimal balance of strength and ductility was achieved with a bainitic quenching time of 5 minutes at 280 °C, resulting in an ultimate tensile strength of 1632 MPa and a total elongation of 15.54%. This is attributed to the multiphase microstructure, which consists of bainite, martensite, and retained austenite, providing excellent strength and ductility through their effective bonding. Fracture analysis indicates that as quenching time increases, the fracture mode transitions from brittle intergranular fracture to ductile fracture. This study highlights the potential of the BQT process for producing high-performance spring steels for the automotive industry.