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<p>This study explores the microstructure and mechanical properties of copper matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with hybrid ceramic particles and recycled fuse holder scrap, aiming to create sustainable, high-performance materials for industrial applications. Using stir-casting, we fabricated two composite types: one with hybrid reinforcements (graphene, titanium carbide, and boron nitride) and another with recycled fuse holder scrap. Ceramic particles (70&#xa0;µm) were incorporated at 7, 10, and 13&#xa0;wt.% to assess their impact on hardness, tensile strength, and wear resistance. The results revealed significant mechanical enhancements due to reduced porosity and uniform reinforcement dispersion, as confirmed by microstructural analysis. Hardness increased by 18, 23, and 31%, while tensile strength improved by 14, 20, and 28%, and wear resistance enhanced by up to 35% at 13 wt.% reinforcement. The novelty of this work lies in integrating hybrid ceramic reinforcements and recycled scrap in copper MMCs, offering an eco-friendly, cost-effective alternative to conventional composites. These findings demonstrate superior mechanical performance and wear resistance, positioning these MMCs as promising materials for industrial applications. This approach advances sustainable composite development, combining high performance with environmental benefits, and sets a foundation for scalable, resource-efficient manufacturing.</p>

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Copper Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced with Hybrid Ceramic and Fuse Holder Scrap

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月18日

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  • R. Raja,
  • Sabitha Jannet,
  • D. S. Ebenezer Jacob Dhas,
  • K. Sumanth Ratna

摘要

This study explores the microstructure and mechanical properties of copper matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with hybrid ceramic particles and recycled fuse holder scrap, aiming to create sustainable, high-performance materials for industrial applications. Using stir-casting, we fabricated two composite types: one with hybrid reinforcements (graphene, titanium carbide, and boron nitride) and another with recycled fuse holder scrap. Ceramic particles (70 µm) were incorporated at 7, 10, and 13 wt.% to assess their impact on hardness, tensile strength, and wear resistance. The results revealed significant mechanical enhancements due to reduced porosity and uniform reinforcement dispersion, as confirmed by microstructural analysis. Hardness increased by 18, 23, and 31%, while tensile strength improved by 14, 20, and 28%, and wear resistance enhanced by up to 35% at 13 wt.% reinforcement. The novelty of this work lies in integrating hybrid ceramic reinforcements and recycled scrap in copper MMCs, offering an eco-friendly, cost-effective alternative to conventional composites. These findings demonstrate superior mechanical performance and wear resistance, positioning these MMCs as promising materials for industrial applications. This approach advances sustainable composite development, combining high performance with environmental benefits, and sets a foundation for scalable, resource-efficient manufacturing.