<p>The time-dependent anelastic flow of metallic materials after bulk forming dominated by severe plastic compressive deformation leads to a time-dependent effect in springback. The strain hardening and strain softening behavior during severe plastic compressive deformation, as well as the materials’ anisotropy, affects the anelastic flow behavior of the material in the unloading process. Hot-rolled copper alloy plates were used as the study object in this paper. The cylindrical samples taken from different directions (rolling direction, short-thickness direction, transverse direction, 45° direction) of the hot-rolled plates were subjected to quasi-state severe plastic single-pass compressive deformation. The anelastic flow behavior in strain hardening and strain softening stage of the severe plastic deformation process was analyzed. The springback behavior during the unloading and standing processes after the severe plastic compressive deformation was revealed. On the basis of the characteristics of the time-dependent anelastic strain flow model and the severe plastic compressive deformation, the time-dependent springback model of the severe plastic compressive deformation was established. The saturated springback amount after the severe plastic compressive deformation was predicted, and the predication results were compared with experimental ones. The results and comparison indicated that the springback after the severe plastic compressive deformation has a time-dependent effect, and the time-dependent springback model of the severe plastic compressive deformation proposed in this study can accurately predict the saturated springback after the severe plastic compressive deformation.</p>