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<p>The excellent properties of 45 steel make it widely used in small structural parts. However, even trace amounts of pollutants in the quenching liquid can significantly impact its mechanical properties during the heat treatment quenching process. By subjecting 45 steel to quenching with varying oil contents and testing its mechanical properties, we observed that as the oil content in the quenching fluid increases, the hardness, yield strength, and tensile strength of 45 steel decrease (compared with an oil content of 0%, the hardness of quenched 45 steel decreases by 12%, while the yield strength and tensile strength are reduced by 15% when the oil content reaches 2%.) while elongation and section shrinkage show a slight increase. Analysis of the cooling curve reveals that the presence of oil reduces the cooling rate of 45 steel in the austenitic cooling area, leading to decreased hardness. The presence of oil increases the wettability of the quenching liquid on the 45 steel surface, which leads to a decrease in the heat transfer efficiency of the nucleate boiling, and thus slows down the cooling rate of the metal in the high-temperature region (550-650&#xa0;°C). Therefore, preventing oil contamination is crucial for improving quenching efficiency in heat treatment processes involving 45 steel.</p>

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Effect of Oil Contamination on the Quenching Properties of 45 Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • Yaohua Dong,
  • Mingmou Han,
  • Dongyang Wu,
  • Jinjin Wei,
  • Yuanyuan Shen

摘要

The excellent properties of 45 steel make it widely used in small structural parts. However, even trace amounts of pollutants in the quenching liquid can significantly impact its mechanical properties during the heat treatment quenching process. By subjecting 45 steel to quenching with varying oil contents and testing its mechanical properties, we observed that as the oil content in the quenching fluid increases, the hardness, yield strength, and tensile strength of 45 steel decrease (compared with an oil content of 0%, the hardness of quenched 45 steel decreases by 12%, while the yield strength and tensile strength are reduced by 15% when the oil content reaches 2%.) while elongation and section shrinkage show a slight increase. Analysis of the cooling curve reveals that the presence of oil reduces the cooling rate of 45 steel in the austenitic cooling area, leading to decreased hardness. The presence of oil increases the wettability of the quenching liquid on the 45 steel surface, which leads to a decrease in the heat transfer efficiency of the nucleate boiling, and thus slows down the cooling rate of the metal in the high-temperature region (550-650 °C). Therefore, preventing oil contamination is crucial for improving quenching efficiency in heat treatment processes involving 45 steel.