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<p>Zinc anodes degrade rapidly under high-temperature operating conditions, significantly impeding the development and commercial application of Zn–air batteries. In this study, zirconia-coated zinc (ZrO<sub>2</sub>@Zn) was synthesized using a facile sol–gel method. The composition, structure, and electrochemical properties of the ZrO<sub>2</sub>@Zn anode were characterized. The results show that ZrO<sub>2</sub>@Zn has a core–shell structure contributing to regulating the cycle life of the battery. The passivation current of ZrO<sub>2</sub>@Zn is lower than that of Zn. This indicates that ZrO<sub>2</sub>@Zn exhibits enhanced passivation stability performance. The cycle life of ZrO<sub>2</sub>@Zn can be extended to 72&#xa0;h at extreme operating temperatures of 60&#xa0;°C, nearly double that of bare Zn. The coating ZrO<sub>2</sub> applied on the surface of Zn can effectively avoid the direct contact between Zn and electrolyte and reduces the self-corrosion of Zn anode. The increased adsorption of H<sup>+</sup> ions by ZrO<sub>2</sub> at elevated temperatures without affecting the deposition of Zn<sup>2+</sup> prolongs the lifetime of the ZrO<sub>2</sub>@Zn anode. The core–shell structure of ZrO<sub>2</sub>@Zn effectively mitigates the occurrence of anodic side reactions and inhibits the growth of Zn dendrites, thereby safeguarding the active material and extending the battery’s cycle life.</p>

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Controlled Synthesis of ZrO2@Zn Anode and Effect on the Cycle Life of Zinc–Air Battery Under High-Temperature Operating Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月20日

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  • Lili Sun,
  • Xudong Sun,
  • Yong Wang,
  • Yongcun Li,
  • Anyu Luo

摘要

Zinc anodes degrade rapidly under high-temperature operating conditions, significantly impeding the development and commercial application of Zn–air batteries. In this study, zirconia-coated zinc (ZrO2@Zn) was synthesized using a facile sol–gel method. The composition, structure, and electrochemical properties of the ZrO2@Zn anode were characterized. The results show that ZrO2@Zn has a core–shell structure contributing to regulating the cycle life of the battery. The passivation current of ZrO2@Zn is lower than that of Zn. This indicates that ZrO2@Zn exhibits enhanced passivation stability performance. The cycle life of ZrO2@Zn can be extended to 72 h at extreme operating temperatures of 60 °C, nearly double that of bare Zn. The coating ZrO2 applied on the surface of Zn can effectively avoid the direct contact between Zn and electrolyte and reduces the self-corrosion of Zn anode. The increased adsorption of H+ ions by ZrO2 at elevated temperatures without affecting the deposition of Zn2+ prolongs the lifetime of the ZrO2@Zn anode. The core–shell structure of ZrO2@Zn effectively mitigates the occurrence of anodic side reactions and inhibits the growth of Zn dendrites, thereby safeguarding the active material and extending the battery’s cycle life.