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<p>Significant studies have been testified on using polylactic acid and its composites as an implant for orthopedic applications, focusing on their biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, less has been conveyed on scheming and developing polylactic acid composite-based three-dimensional printed sensor-embedded cerclage strips for tensile loading applications. This study highlights the design and development of polylactic acid composite-hydroxyapatite-chitosan (98%)-BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (2%)-based sensor-embedded cerclage strips fabricated by fused filament fabrication under tensile loading with tunable sensing capabilities for comminuted fracture medicinal monitoring in canine. The results suggest that a Hilbert curve infill pattern, a 60% infill density, and a nozzle temperature of 220&#xa0;°C are the most suitable fused filament fabrication parameters for the composite’s tensile stiffness of 7643.31&#xa0;kN/m. Also, the piezoelectric coefficient of 283&#xa0;pC/N and predicted dielectric constant of 2.61 were observed for the suggested settings. Further, the outcomes are braced by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, porosity, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and average grain size number.</p>

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On Design and Development of PLA Composite-Based 3D-Printed Sensor-Embedded Cerclage Strip for Tensile Loading Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • Gurwinder Singh,
  • Rupinder Singh,
  • Amrinder Pal Singh,
  • Minhaz Husain,
  • Vinay Kumar

摘要

Significant studies have been testified on using polylactic acid and its composites as an implant for orthopedic applications, focusing on their biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, less has been conveyed on scheming and developing polylactic acid composite-based three-dimensional printed sensor-embedded cerclage strips for tensile loading applications. This study highlights the design and development of polylactic acid composite-hydroxyapatite-chitosan (98%)-BaTiO3 (2%)-based sensor-embedded cerclage strips fabricated by fused filament fabrication under tensile loading with tunable sensing capabilities for comminuted fracture medicinal monitoring in canine. The results suggest that a Hilbert curve infill pattern, a 60% infill density, and a nozzle temperature of 220 °C are the most suitable fused filament fabrication parameters for the composite’s tensile stiffness of 7643.31 kN/m. Also, the piezoelectric coefficient of 283 pC/N and predicted dielectric constant of 2.61 were observed for the suggested settings. Further, the outcomes are braced by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, porosity, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and average grain size number.