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<p>After the combined treatment of pulsed magnetic field and deep cryogenic conditions (MDC), the microstructure and property evolution of Cr4Mo4V bearing steel following additional tempering treatment (MDCT) was investigated, and compared with samples that were treated only with deep cryogenic conditions (DC) followed by tempering (DCT). The results showed that the retained austenite content in DCT samples decreased from 23.6 ± 0.7% to 13.6 ± 0.5%, whereas the MDCT samples exhibited a decrease in retained austenite content from 23.3 ± 0.4% to 15.4 ± 1.1%. In MDCT samples, the stabilization of retained austenite correlated with the change in saturation magnetization and the reduction of carbide precipitation. Furthermore, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis revealed that although the phase transformation in MDCT samples was somewhat hindered, leading to a higher proportion of low-angle grain boundaries, the dislocation density in MDCT samples (1.14 × 10<sup>15</sup>&#xa0;m<sup>-2</sup>) decreased compared to DCT samples (1.26 × 10<sup>15</sup>&#xa0;m<sup>-2</sup>). The microstructural evolution during the deep cryogenic treatment and tempering process indicated that the magnetic field hindered the formation of carbon clusters under deep cryogenic conditions, delayed the precipitation of carbides during tempering and influenced the decomposition of retained austenite. In terms of mechanical properties, compared to the yield strength of 1636&#xa0;MPa for DCT samples, the MDCT samples decreased to 1587&#xa0;MPa. The theoretical calculations of strength matched well with the actual results, and the decline in strength of MDCT specimens was ascribed to impeded austenite transformation, diminished dislocation density and reduced precipitation of fine carbides.</p>

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Post-tempering Microstructure and Properties of Cr4Mo4V Bearing Steel Subjected to Deep Cryogenic and Pulsed Magnetic Field Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月4日

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  • Zheng Li,
  • Kejian Li,
  • Chengkai Qian,
  • Wen Ji,
  • Zhipeng Cai,
  • Zhipeng Li,
  • Qu Liu

摘要

After the combined treatment of pulsed magnetic field and deep cryogenic conditions (MDC), the microstructure and property evolution of Cr4Mo4V bearing steel following additional tempering treatment (MDCT) was investigated, and compared with samples that were treated only with deep cryogenic conditions (DC) followed by tempering (DCT). The results showed that the retained austenite content in DCT samples decreased from 23.6 ± 0.7% to 13.6 ± 0.5%, whereas the MDCT samples exhibited a decrease in retained austenite content from 23.3 ± 0.4% to 15.4 ± 1.1%. In MDCT samples, the stabilization of retained austenite correlated with the change in saturation magnetization and the reduction of carbide precipitation. Furthermore, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis revealed that although the phase transformation in MDCT samples was somewhat hindered, leading to a higher proportion of low-angle grain boundaries, the dislocation density in MDCT samples (1.14 × 1015 m-2) decreased compared to DCT samples (1.26 × 1015 m-2). The microstructural evolution during the deep cryogenic treatment and tempering process indicated that the magnetic field hindered the formation of carbon clusters under deep cryogenic conditions, delayed the precipitation of carbides during tempering and influenced the decomposition of retained austenite. In terms of mechanical properties, compared to the yield strength of 1636 MPa for DCT samples, the MDCT samples decreased to 1587 MPa. The theoretical calculations of strength matched well with the actual results, and the decline in strength of MDCT specimens was ascribed to impeded austenite transformation, diminished dislocation density and reduced precipitation of fine carbides.