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<p>In laser additive manufacturing technology, Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles exhibit significant strengthening effects on material performance enhancement. By promoting grain refinement and microstructural optimization, they effectively improve the microhardness and tribological properties of materials. In this study, Ti6Al4V matrix coatings, 1 wt.% Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Ti6Al4V composite coating, and 3 wt.% Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Ti6Al4V composite coating were successfully fabricated via laser cladding (LC) technology. The influence mechanisms of varying Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents on the microstructural evolution and tribological behavior of the coatings were systematically investigated. Experimental results indicate that with increasing Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> addition, the grain size of the α-Ti gradually decreases, while the proportion of equiaxed grains significantly increases. However, owing to the pronounced regulatory effect of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on melt pool dilution rate, excessive addition leads to adverse effects on microhardness and wear resistance. Tribological tests demonstrate that the 1 wt.% Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Ti6Al4V composite coating exhibits optimal wear resistance, achieving the lowest values in friction coefficient, wear volume, and wear depth. Microstructural analysis reveals that the dominant wear mechanisms involve mild abrasive wear and adhesive wear. This study provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing the surface modification of titanium alloys and offers practical guidance for the development of high-performance composite coatings.</p>

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Enhanced Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding Ti6Al4V Alloy Coatings Achieved by Trace Y2O3 Nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月23日

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  • Shihao Chen,
  • Wei Han,
  • Yuehua Cao,
  • Lei Wang,
  • Zulei Liang,
  • Guoqing Dai,
  • Yanhua Guo,
  • Zhonggang Sun,
  • Hui Chang,
  • Jie Liu

摘要

In laser additive manufacturing technology, Y2O3 nanoparticles exhibit significant strengthening effects on material performance enhancement. By promoting grain refinement and microstructural optimization, they effectively improve the microhardness and tribological properties of materials. In this study, Ti6Al4V matrix coatings, 1 wt.% Y2O3/Ti6Al4V composite coating, and 3 wt.% Y2O3/Ti6Al4V composite coating were successfully fabricated via laser cladding (LC) technology. The influence mechanisms of varying Y2O3 contents on the microstructural evolution and tribological behavior of the coatings were systematically investigated. Experimental results indicate that with increasing Y2O3 addition, the grain size of the α-Ti gradually decreases, while the proportion of equiaxed grains significantly increases. However, owing to the pronounced regulatory effect of Y2O3 on melt pool dilution rate, excessive addition leads to adverse effects on microhardness and wear resistance. Tribological tests demonstrate that the 1 wt.% Y2O3/Ti6Al4V composite coating exhibits optimal wear resistance, achieving the lowest values in friction coefficient, wear volume, and wear depth. Microstructural analysis reveals that the dominant wear mechanisms involve mild abrasive wear and adhesive wear. This study provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing the surface modification of titanium alloys and offers practical guidance for the development of high-performance composite coatings.