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<p>Laser-assisted machining (LAM) is a new type of machining that achieves high efficiency and low damage when processing engineering ceramics from difficult-to-machine materials. Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>&#xa0;ceramics are utilized in various critical components within the aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and medical fields. LAM technology has been demonstrated to enhance the performance, reliability, and service life of these ceramics by improving surface quality and reducing defects. To understand the mechanism behind the surface formation of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramics, laser-assisted turning, conventional turning, and laser-assisted turning experiments were conducted on Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramic materials, employing numerical modeling, temperature field simulation, and experimental investigations. Following the simulation, the laws governing laser radiation are examined. The temperatures derived from the simulations are in line with those obtained from laser illumination. Laser irradiation has been demonstrated to effectively repair defects in ceramic surfaces by reducing defect depth and forming a protective oxide film through oxidation reactions. This process can be utilized to repair ceramic surfaces at high temperatures, where oxidation reactions and thermal stresses are prevalent.&#xa0;A study was conducted to examine the surface roughness and morphology of conventional turning, oxidized turning, and laser-assisted turning using EDS spectroscopy. The results of the study indicated that an oxide film is generated on the surface after high-temperature heating to attach to the substrate surface.&#xa0;Based on the surface roughness Sa = 5.797&#xa0;m for conventional turning, the surface roughness for laser-assisted turning was Sa = 1.893&#xa0;m, which is an improvement of 67.34%. The generation of continuous-shaped chips after the experiment showed that plastic removal was evident. During machining, laser-assisted turning reduces the turning force and significantly improves the tool life, according to an analysis of cutting force and tool damage.&#xa0;This study reveals the method to remove the surface of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>&#xa0;ceramics.</p>

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Study on Surface Quality Formation Mechanism of Laser-Assisted Turning Si3N4 Ceramic

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月5日

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  • Minghai Wang,
  • Yanan Li,
  • Xianjun Kong,
  • Xiaole Liu,
  • Yinghu Sun

摘要

Laser-assisted machining (LAM) is a new type of machining that achieves high efficiency and low damage when processing engineering ceramics from difficult-to-machine materials. Si3N4 ceramics are utilized in various critical components within the aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and medical fields. LAM technology has been demonstrated to enhance the performance, reliability, and service life of these ceramics by improving surface quality and reducing defects. To understand the mechanism behind the surface formation of Si3N4 ceramics, laser-assisted turning, conventional turning, and laser-assisted turning experiments were conducted on Si3N4 ceramic materials, employing numerical modeling, temperature field simulation, and experimental investigations. Following the simulation, the laws governing laser radiation are examined. The temperatures derived from the simulations are in line with those obtained from laser illumination. Laser irradiation has been demonstrated to effectively repair defects in ceramic surfaces by reducing defect depth and forming a protective oxide film through oxidation reactions. This process can be utilized to repair ceramic surfaces at high temperatures, where oxidation reactions and thermal stresses are prevalent. A study was conducted to examine the surface roughness and morphology of conventional turning, oxidized turning, and laser-assisted turning using EDS spectroscopy. The results of the study indicated that an oxide film is generated on the surface after high-temperature heating to attach to the substrate surface. Based on the surface roughness Sa = 5.797 m for conventional turning, the surface roughness for laser-assisted turning was Sa = 1.893 m, which is an improvement of 67.34%. The generation of continuous-shaped chips after the experiment showed that plastic removal was evident. During machining, laser-assisted turning reduces the turning force and significantly improves the tool life, according to an analysis of cutting force and tool damage. This study reveals the method to remove the surface of Si3N4 ceramics.