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<p>Stabilization plays a crucial role in carbon fiber manufacturing as it facilitates the formation of a cross-linked structure and the conversion of fibers from thermoplastic to thermoset. However, understanding the microstructure evolution and oxygen permeation is essential for unraveling the mechanism behind stabilization. In this study, the influence of reaction temperature on both the oxygen permeation process and fiber structure evolution was investigated, providing valuable insights into the underlying stabilization mechanism. The results show that an optimal oxygen permeation temperature of 240&#xa0;°C leads to an oxidation yield of 106.78%, an oxygen content of 17.89%, and stabilized fibers with uniform radial distribution and favorable morphology. The stabilization temperature of 240&#xa0;°C ensures a complete oxygen permeation in pitch fibers, and oxygen permeation triggers a series of reactions, including oxidation, condensation, dehydrogenation, and decomposition within the bridged and condensed aromatic structures of fibers. As the reaction temperature increases, the oxygen yield of stabilized fibers decreases, reducing the number of oxygen-containing functional groups and weakening the absorption vibration signals of C-O and C=O bonds. At 240&#xa0;°C, the content of oxygen-containing functional groups such as C=O, C-O-C, and O-C=O in stabilized fibers is maximized. When the reaction temperature exceeds 240&#xa0;°C, the gradient of oxygen concentration between the fiber surface and center significantly increases, leading to a great difference in oxygen concentration at these locations. Excessively high stabilization temperatures hinder oxygen permeation into the fiber core, impeding oxygen atom diffusion and resulting in insufficient oxidation. This promotes the release of small molecules during carbonization, which declines the stability of as-prepared carbon fiber. At 240&#xa0;°C, the final carbon fibers exhibit a homogenous surface and well-maintained morphology.</p>

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Insight into Microstructure Evolution and Oxygen Permeation of Pitch-based Carbon Fiber in the Stabilization Process

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月26日

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  • Xue Han,
  • Xiaoya An,
  • Meilin Chen,
  • Zhijie Wang,
  • Jun Qian,
  • Qijun Yu,
  • Dingcheng Liang,
  • Qiang Xie,
  • Jinchang Liu

摘要

Stabilization plays a crucial role in carbon fiber manufacturing as it facilitates the formation of a cross-linked structure and the conversion of fibers from thermoplastic to thermoset. However, understanding the microstructure evolution and oxygen permeation is essential for unraveling the mechanism behind stabilization. In this study, the influence of reaction temperature on both the oxygen permeation process and fiber structure evolution was investigated, providing valuable insights into the underlying stabilization mechanism. The results show that an optimal oxygen permeation temperature of 240 °C leads to an oxidation yield of 106.78%, an oxygen content of 17.89%, and stabilized fibers with uniform radial distribution and favorable morphology. The stabilization temperature of 240 °C ensures a complete oxygen permeation in pitch fibers, and oxygen permeation triggers a series of reactions, including oxidation, condensation, dehydrogenation, and decomposition within the bridged and condensed aromatic structures of fibers. As the reaction temperature increases, the oxygen yield of stabilized fibers decreases, reducing the number of oxygen-containing functional groups and weakening the absorption vibration signals of C-O and C=O bonds. At 240 °C, the content of oxygen-containing functional groups such as C=O, C-O-C, and O-C=O in stabilized fibers is maximized. When the reaction temperature exceeds 240 °C, the gradient of oxygen concentration between the fiber surface and center significantly increases, leading to a great difference in oxygen concentration at these locations. Excessively high stabilization temperatures hinder oxygen permeation into the fiber core, impeding oxygen atom diffusion and resulting in insufficient oxidation. This promotes the release of small molecules during carbonization, which declines the stability of as-prepared carbon fiber. At 240 °C, the final carbon fibers exhibit a homogenous surface and well-maintained morphology.