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<p>This study evaluates the effectiveness of corn cob charcoal, an agricultural waste product, as a carbon source in the pack carburizing process. The corn cob charcoal was prepared by burning, grinding into powder, and sieving. The resulting charcoal powder was then combined with calcium carbonate powder to form the carburizing mixture. AISI 1020 low-carbon steel specimens underwent pack carburization at temperatures of 960, 980, and 1,000&#xa0;°C for 60, 90, and 120&#xa0;min, respectively. The specimens were subsequently austenitized at 780&#xa0;°C for 15&#xa0;min, quenched in water, and tempered at 180&#xa0;°C for 1&#xa0;h. The results indicate significant effects on yield strength, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus, with R<sup>2</sup> values demonstrating a high level of explanatory power. However, while temperature significantly influences % elongation, time does not. Additionally, the diffusion coefficient, calculated using Fick’s second law from the microhardness profile, increased with carburizing temperature and time.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Influence of Surface Layer Hardness on Diffusion Coefficient in Pack Carburizing of AISI 1020 Low-Carbon Steel Using Corn Cob Charcoal as Carburizing Energizer

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月12日

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  • Narongsak Thammachot,
  • Apilak Kobtonglang,
  • Peeradaech Suwittayaruk,
  • Natsinee Pornchaiseetanachat,
  • Kotchakorn Tuemtaku,
  • Wanna Homjabok

摘要

This study evaluates the effectiveness of corn cob charcoal, an agricultural waste product, as a carbon source in the pack carburizing process. The corn cob charcoal was prepared by burning, grinding into powder, and sieving. The resulting charcoal powder was then combined with calcium carbonate powder to form the carburizing mixture. AISI 1020 low-carbon steel specimens underwent pack carburization at temperatures of 960, 980, and 1,000 °C for 60, 90, and 120 min, respectively. The specimens were subsequently austenitized at 780 °C for 15 min, quenched in water, and tempered at 180 °C for 1 h. The results indicate significant effects on yield strength, tensile strength, and Young’s modulus, with R2 values demonstrating a high level of explanatory power. However, while temperature significantly influences % elongation, time does not. Additionally, the diffusion coefficient, calculated using Fick’s second law from the microhardness profile, increased with carburizing temperature and time.

Graphical Abstract