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<p>In the present study, a ternary Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-10 wt.%TiO<sub>2</sub>-10 wt.%YSZ composite coating on EN31 steel was developed for agricultural application using the plasma spraying process. A detailed microstructural characterization was carried out using a 3D optical profilometer, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The mechanical properties of the coating were evaluated using a nano-indentation test and wear tester. The microstructure of the coated surface shows the presence of splats, spherical droplets, porosities, and a few fine microcracks. The area fraction of porosities and roughness of the composite coating are 20% and 3.29&#xa0;μm, respectively. The study confirmed the presence of <i>ϒ</i>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, <i>α</i>-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, rutile, Al<sub>2</sub>TiO<sub>5</sub>, and yttrium zirconium oxide (Zr<sub>0.92</sub>Y<sub>0.08</sub>O<sub>1.96</sub>) in the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-10 wt.%TiO<sub>2</sub>-10 wt.%YSZ-coated EN31 steel. The residual stress of the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-10 wt.%TiO<sub>2</sub>-10 wt.%YSZ coating is 328&#xa0;MPa (tensile in nature). The nano-hardness increases from 4.7&#xa0;GPa for as-received EN31 steel to 8.49&#xa0;GPa for Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-10 wt.%TiO<sub>2</sub>-10 wt.%YSZ-coated EN31 steel. On the other hand, Young’s modulus decreases from 201&#xa0;GPa for as-received EN31 steel to 131&#xa0;GPa for Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-10 wt.%TiO<sub>2</sub>-10 wt.%YSZ-coated EN31 steel. An improvement is observed in the wear resistance of the coated sample as compared to uncoated EN31 steel, which is attributed to improvement in the hardness of the coated sample.</p>

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Plasma-Sprayed Al2O3-TiO2-YSZ Composite Coating on EN31 Steel: Microstructural and Tribological Properties for Improved Agricultural Tool Durability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月19日

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  • Renu Kumari

摘要

In the present study, a ternary Al2O3-10 wt.%TiO2-10 wt.%YSZ composite coating on EN31 steel was developed for agricultural application using the plasma spraying process. A detailed microstructural characterization was carried out using a 3D optical profilometer, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The mechanical properties of the coating were evaluated using a nano-indentation test and wear tester. The microstructure of the coated surface shows the presence of splats, spherical droplets, porosities, and a few fine microcracks. The area fraction of porosities and roughness of the composite coating are 20% and 3.29 μm, respectively. The study confirmed the presence of ϒ-Al2O3, α-Al2O3, rutile, Al2TiO5, and yttrium zirconium oxide (Zr0.92Y0.08O1.96) in the Al2O3-10 wt.%TiO2-10 wt.%YSZ-coated EN31 steel. The residual stress of the Al2O3-10 wt.%TiO2-10 wt.%YSZ coating is 328 MPa (tensile in nature). The nano-hardness increases from 4.7 GPa for as-received EN31 steel to 8.49 GPa for Al2O3-10 wt.%TiO2-10 wt.%YSZ-coated EN31 steel. On the other hand, Young’s modulus decreases from 201 GPa for as-received EN31 steel to 131 GPa for Al2O3-10 wt.%TiO2-10 wt.%YSZ-coated EN31 steel. An improvement is observed in the wear resistance of the coated sample as compared to uncoated EN31 steel, which is attributed to improvement in the hardness of the coated sample.