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<p>This study investigated the influence of anodizing voltage, anodizing duration, and electrolyte type on the development of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes (TNTs) on Ti-6Al-4V. Nanostructuring the surface and forming TNTs can improve the biocompatibility of titanium alloys by increasing the surface-to-volume ratio. The study investigated the impacts of varying anodizing times (15, 30, and 60&#xa0;min), anodizing voltages (5, 10, 15, and 20&#xa0;V), and two types of electrolyte solutions: organic (solution 1) and aqueous (solution 2). Nanotubes were formed in aqueous solution, while only nanopores were nucleated in organic solution. Nanopores were observed during the 15-min anodizing process at all tested voltages, but no nanotubes were formed. Anodizing at 5&#xa0;V did not lead to the formation of nanotubes, regardless of the anodizing time. However, nanopores were visible, and their size increased with longer anodizing time. Nanotubes were observed after 30&#xa0;min of anodic oxidation at voltages of 10, 15, and 20&#xa0;V. The outer diameter grew rapidly at first but then the growth rate slowed down, whereas the inner diameter’s growth rate decreased as the anodizing time increased. Longer anodizing time at the same voltage resulted in the formation of thicker TNTs, and the diameter of the nanotubes was also influenced by the duration of the anodizing process.</p>

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On the Formation of TiO2 Nanotubes on Ti-6Al-4V by Anodic Oxidation: Influence of Anodizing Parameters and Electrolyte Type

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月21日

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  • Mahdi Mohamadyari Heydarlou,
  • Vahid Pouyafar,
  • Ramin Meshkabadi,
  • Sana Pashmi

摘要

This study investigated the influence of anodizing voltage, anodizing duration, and electrolyte type on the development of TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) on Ti-6Al-4V. Nanostructuring the surface and forming TNTs can improve the biocompatibility of titanium alloys by increasing the surface-to-volume ratio. The study investigated the impacts of varying anodizing times (15, 30, and 60 min), anodizing voltages (5, 10, 15, and 20 V), and two types of electrolyte solutions: organic (solution 1) and aqueous (solution 2). Nanotubes were formed in aqueous solution, while only nanopores were nucleated in organic solution. Nanopores were observed during the 15-min anodizing process at all tested voltages, but no nanotubes were formed. Anodizing at 5 V did not lead to the formation of nanotubes, regardless of the anodizing time. However, nanopores were visible, and their size increased with longer anodizing time. Nanotubes were observed after 30 min of anodic oxidation at voltages of 10, 15, and 20 V. The outer diameter grew rapidly at first but then the growth rate slowed down, whereas the inner diameter’s growth rate decreased as the anodizing time increased. Longer anodizing time at the same voltage resulted in the formation of thicker TNTs, and the diameter of the nanotubes was also influenced by the duration of the anodizing process.