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<p>Grain growth, solution and precipitation as a function of solution temperature were investigated on wear-resistant steels (S68 and S69). The equilibrium phase diagrams of the new wear-resistant steels were determined using Thermo-Calc software. The impact of various quenching temperatures ranging from 960 to 1100&#xa0;°C on grain growth was examined through the application of the controlled variables technique. A machine learning model, specifically a random forest algorithm, was trained on the experimental data to enhance the accuracy of the traditional Sellars model in predicting grain growth. Optimal results were obtained through quenching at 1040&#xa0;°C followed by tempering at 600&#xa0;°C, which led to the finest grain size, a heat treatment process involving partial dissolution of carbides, and most uniform precipitation in the microstructure of the novel wear-resistant steel. The coefficients of friction for S68 and S69 were determined to be 0.537 and 0.57, respectively. Both S68 and S69 exhibit superior hardness and wear resistance with abrasive wear morphology. As compared to AISI H13 steel, the wear loss of S68 and S69 declines about 26%, while the cost of new S68 and S69 declines about 17.705%.</p>

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Effect of Quenching Conditions on the Wear Resistance of Steels for Ball Mill Liner Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • Gege Huang,
  • Riming Wu,
  • Yingjie Wu,
  • Kuicen Li,
  • Yi Xu

摘要

Grain growth, solution and precipitation as a function of solution temperature were investigated on wear-resistant steels (S68 and S69). The equilibrium phase diagrams of the new wear-resistant steels were determined using Thermo-Calc software. The impact of various quenching temperatures ranging from 960 to 1100 °C on grain growth was examined through the application of the controlled variables technique. A machine learning model, specifically a random forest algorithm, was trained on the experimental data to enhance the accuracy of the traditional Sellars model in predicting grain growth. Optimal results were obtained through quenching at 1040 °C followed by tempering at 600 °C, which led to the finest grain size, a heat treatment process involving partial dissolution of carbides, and most uniform precipitation in the microstructure of the novel wear-resistant steel. The coefficients of friction for S68 and S69 were determined to be 0.537 and 0.57, respectively. Both S68 and S69 exhibit superior hardness and wear resistance with abrasive wear morphology. As compared to AISI H13 steel, the wear loss of S68 and S69 declines about 26%, while the cost of new S68 and S69 declines about 17.705%.