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<p>In this study, Inconel 625 was engineered onto EN8 steel, via Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Cold Metal Transfer (WAAM-CMT) technique by blending 5% VC powder to enhance abrasion resistance for tillage tools in agricultural applications. Several mechanical tests were conducted across vertical and horizontal orientations to assess the performance of the designed clads under diverse conditions. Vertical orientation samples exhibited nearly twice the wear resistance compared to horizontal samples during various tests. Owing to the unique grain alignment of vertical orientation samples show better wear resistance during various testing. In5VC displays a complex microstructure (elongated dendrites) with dispersed vanadium carbide particles, significantly improving hardness and wear resistance. The hardness of the In5VC clad reached 476 ± 11 HV, which is more than twice the hardness of uncladded EN8 steel at&#xa0;228 ± 5 HV. During slurry abrasion testing, the In5VC sample exhibited the least mass loss, highlighting its exceptional wear resistance. Conversely, in dry sliding tests, the In1 sample demonstrated a minimal coefficient of friction owing to its notably smoother surface compared to other samples. SEM analysis identified mixed-mode failure in the In5VC clad, contrasting with ductile failure observed in the In1 clad and EN8 steel. Overall, these findings underscore the transformative potential of Inconel 625 cladding with 5% VC powder, demonstrating robust abrasion resistance and microstructural integrity essential for enhancing durability in agricultural applications.</p>

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Investigating Wear Characteristics of Inconel 625 and VC-Based Claddings on EN8 Steel Developed by WAAM

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月25日

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  • Ranbir Singh Rooprai,
  • Jagtar Singh,
  • Anuj Bansal

摘要

In this study, Inconel 625 was engineered onto EN8 steel, via Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Cold Metal Transfer (WAAM-CMT) technique by blending 5% VC powder to enhance abrasion resistance for tillage tools in agricultural applications. Several mechanical tests were conducted across vertical and horizontal orientations to assess the performance of the designed clads under diverse conditions. Vertical orientation samples exhibited nearly twice the wear resistance compared to horizontal samples during various tests. Owing to the unique grain alignment of vertical orientation samples show better wear resistance during various testing. In5VC displays a complex microstructure (elongated dendrites) with dispersed vanadium carbide particles, significantly improving hardness and wear resistance. The hardness of the In5VC clad reached 476 ± 11 HV, which is more than twice the hardness of uncladded EN8 steel at 228 ± 5 HV. During slurry abrasion testing, the In5VC sample exhibited the least mass loss, highlighting its exceptional wear resistance. Conversely, in dry sliding tests, the In1 sample demonstrated a minimal coefficient of friction owing to its notably smoother surface compared to other samples. SEM analysis identified mixed-mode failure in the In5VC clad, contrasting with ductile failure observed in the In1 clad and EN8 steel. Overall, these findings underscore the transformative potential of Inconel 625 cladding with 5% VC powder, demonstrating robust abrasion resistance and microstructural integrity essential for enhancing durability in agricultural applications.