On Dynamic Reduced Order Model for the Flexural Characteristics of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Composite-Based Functional Prototypes

In the past three decades, noteworthy studies have been testified on the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process for fabricating functional prototypes of different thermoplastics. However, limited studies are available on the dynamic reduced order model (ROM) for flexural characteristics of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite-based functional prototypes fabricated by FFF for the development of digital thread (DT) in biomedical applications. This study prepared a dynamic ROM for DT using Buckingham's Pi theorem for parametric optimisation based on the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis. The study recommends that the best settings of FFF parameters for flexural properties (as per ASTM-D-790) of PVDF composite (90%PVDF-8%hydroxyapatite (Hap)-2%chitosan (CS) by wt.) are nozzle temperature (NT) of 235 °C, printing speed (PS) of 60 mm/s, and a raster angle (RA) of 45°. This configuration yields a flexural peak stress (Fps) of 59.929 MPa, peak load (Pl) of 407.01 N, and total energy (TE) for deformation measuring 2598.4 N-mm. Morphological analysis of the flexural samples further validates these findings.