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<p>A nanocomposite AuFe/CuTiO<sub>3</sub> was synthesized using a hydrothermal method to examine its photocatalytic dye degradation, dielectric properties, and photocatalytic charge transport properties. The successful formation of orthorhombic CuTiO<sub>3</sub> with dispersed AuFe nanoparticles was verified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron microscopy (EM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XRD showed the characteristic reflections of CuTiO<sub>3</sub>, such as slight peak broadening with the addition of AuFe, which suggests a decrease in crystallinity. FTIR spectroscopy was able to identify the region where the Ti–O and Cu–O bonds are present. Structural analysis showed the presence of rod-like structures with AuFe nanoparticles uniformly dispersed throughout. The charge transport and polarization mechanisms of the AuFe/CuTiO<sub>3</sub> system were elucidated by dielectric studies, which included dielectric loss, impedance, alternating-current (AC) conductivity, Q-factor, and dielectric peculiarities. The incorporation of AuFe was shown to improve charge transport and decrease electron–hole recombination. The interactive effect of the plasmonic absorption of light by Au and redox of Fe, heterojunction formation, and charge separation of defects were responsible for the improved performance of the photocatalyst, ultimately enabling 90% crystal violet (CV) degradation after 50&#xa0;min, compared to 70% on pure CuTiO<sub>3</sub>, and exhibiting pseudo-first-order degradation with higher rate caps (<i>k</i> = 0.535 min<sup>−1</sup> and 0.861&#xa0;min<sup>−1</sup> at 350&#xa0;nm and 590&#xa0;nm, respectively). A reduced bandgap (~2.2&#xa0;eV) further supports enhanced visible-light utilization driven by dielectric and charge transport modulation. The AuFe/CuTiO<sub>3</sub> photocatalyst also demonstrated good reusability over multiple cycles and exhibited a near-neutral point of zero charge (7.5), favoring electrostatic interaction with CV.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Plasmonic-Redox Coupled AuFe/CuTiO3 Perovskite Nanocomposite: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Solar Photocatalytic Dye Mineralization, and Dielectric Behavior

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月18日

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  • Hameed Ullah,
  • Muhammad Saud Khan,
  • Kamran Tahir,
  • Waleed Y. Rizg,
  • Iftikhar Ahmad Khan,
  • Shafiullah Khan,
  • Zia Ullah Khan

摘要

A nanocomposite AuFe/CuTiO3 was synthesized using a hydrothermal method to examine its photocatalytic dye degradation, dielectric properties, and photocatalytic charge transport properties. The successful formation of orthorhombic CuTiO3 with dispersed AuFe nanoparticles was verified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron microscopy (EM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XRD showed the characteristic reflections of CuTiO3, such as slight peak broadening with the addition of AuFe, which suggests a decrease in crystallinity. FTIR spectroscopy was able to identify the region where the Ti–O and Cu–O bonds are present. Structural analysis showed the presence of rod-like structures with AuFe nanoparticles uniformly dispersed throughout. The charge transport and polarization mechanisms of the AuFe/CuTiO3 system were elucidated by dielectric studies, which included dielectric loss, impedance, alternating-current (AC) conductivity, Q-factor, and dielectric peculiarities. The incorporation of AuFe was shown to improve charge transport and decrease electron–hole recombination. The interactive effect of the plasmonic absorption of light by Au and redox of Fe, heterojunction formation, and charge separation of defects were responsible for the improved performance of the photocatalyst, ultimately enabling 90% crystal violet (CV) degradation after 50 min, compared to 70% on pure CuTiO3, and exhibiting pseudo-first-order degradation with higher rate caps (k = 0.535 min−1 and 0.861 min−1 at 350 nm and 590 nm, respectively). A reduced bandgap (~2.2 eV) further supports enhanced visible-light utilization driven by dielectric and charge transport modulation. The AuFe/CuTiO3 photocatalyst also demonstrated good reusability over multiple cycles and exhibited a near-neutral point of zero charge (7.5), favoring electrostatic interaction with CV.

Graphical Abstract