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<p>BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-based lead-free piezoceramics are promising for electromechanical applications, but their piezoelectric response is still limited by poor thermal stability. Here, (Bi<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>)ZrO<sub>3</sub> (BNZ) was introduced into (Ba<sub>0.85</sub>Ca<sub>0.15</sub>)(Zr<sub>0.1</sub>Ti<sub>0.9</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> (BCZT) ceramics to improve the moderate-temperature stability of the piezoelectric response. The optimized BCZT-4&#xa0;wt.% BNZ ceramic achieved a room-temperature <i>d</i><sub>33</sub> of 476 pC/N and retained about 82% of this value at 120°C. Structural and microstructural analyses show that BNZ modification preserves the perovskite framework while introducing subtle average lattice distortion, regulating the rhombohedral/orthorhombic phase balance, producing moderate grain refinement, and avoiding obvious Bi/Na-rich segregation. The improved stability is further associated with a broadened dielectric response, an upward shift of the dielectric maximum, and enhanced high-temperature resistive behavior. These results demonstrate that moderate BNZ modification is an effective strategy for balancing high piezoelectric activity and thermal reliability in BCZT-based lead-free ceramics.</p>

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Dielectric Broadening and Enhanced Moderate-Temperature Piezoelectric Stability in BNZ-Modified BCZT Ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月23日

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  • Ying Li,
  • Xian Du,
  • Zhao Zhang,
  • Hengyuan Zhang,
  • Pingping Zhang,
  • Yingying Zhao,
  • Huiling Du

摘要

BaTiO3-based lead-free piezoceramics are promising for electromechanical applications, but their piezoelectric response is still limited by poor thermal stability. Here, (Bi0.5Na0.5)ZrO3 (BNZ) was introduced into (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 (BCZT) ceramics to improve the moderate-temperature stability of the piezoelectric response. The optimized BCZT-4 wt.% BNZ ceramic achieved a room-temperature d33 of 476 pC/N and retained about 82% of this value at 120°C. Structural and microstructural analyses show that BNZ modification preserves the perovskite framework while introducing subtle average lattice distortion, regulating the rhombohedral/orthorhombic phase balance, producing moderate grain refinement, and avoiding obvious Bi/Na-rich segregation. The improved stability is further associated with a broadened dielectric response, an upward shift of the dielectric maximum, and enhanced high-temperature resistive behavior. These results demonstrate that moderate BNZ modification is an effective strategy for balancing high piezoelectric activity and thermal reliability in BCZT-based lead-free ceramics.