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<p>Green perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronic applications due to their superior color purity, controllable emission, and solution-processability. However, challenges such as efficiency roll-off, stability limitations, and scalability hinder their commercialization. This study evaluates 15 material systems using data envelopment analysis (DEA). All input (material cost, fabrication steps, active area) and output (external quantum efficiency [EQE], <i>T</i><sub>50</sub> stability) data are taken from previously published papers, ensuring full reproducibility. Five decision-making units (DMUs) achieve comprehensive technical efficiency (CTE), pure technical efficiency (PTE), and scale efficiency (SE), all equal to 1: PEIE:PEA<sub>2</sub>(FAPbBr<sub>3</sub>)<sub><i>n</i>−1</sub>PbBr<sub>4</sub>, (FA<sub>0.7</sub>MA<sub>0.1</sub>GA<sub>0.2</sub>)<sub>0.87</sub>Cs<sub>0.13</sub>PbBr<sub>3</sub>, Nanograin(Cs/FA)PbBr<sub>3</sub>, MBTPA:PEA:CsPbBr<sub>3</sub>, and Cs<sub>2</sub>ZnBr<sub>4</sub>. Among these, Cs<sub>2</sub>ZnBr<sub>4</sub> exhibits the highest super-efficiency Charnes–Cooper–Rhodes (CCR) value of 15.0360, indicating an extreme scale-driven output advantage. The proposed DEA framework provides a quantitative, reproducible tool for prioritizing material systems and accelerating the industrialization of cost-effective green PeLEDs.</p>

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Mapping the Cost-Efficiency Frontier of Green Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes using Data Envelopment Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Wenjie Zhang,
  • Ye Wang,
  • Boping Yang

摘要

Green perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronic applications due to their superior color purity, controllable emission, and solution-processability. However, challenges such as efficiency roll-off, stability limitations, and scalability hinder their commercialization. This study evaluates 15 material systems using data envelopment analysis (DEA). All input (material cost, fabrication steps, active area) and output (external quantum efficiency [EQE], T50 stability) data are taken from previously published papers, ensuring full reproducibility. Five decision-making units (DMUs) achieve comprehensive technical efficiency (CTE), pure technical efficiency (PTE), and scale efficiency (SE), all equal to 1: PEIE:PEA2(FAPbBr3)n−1PbBr4, (FA0.7MA0.1GA0.2)0.87Cs0.13PbBr3, Nanograin(Cs/FA)PbBr3, MBTPA:PEA:CsPbBr3, and Cs2ZnBr4. Among these, Cs2ZnBr4 exhibits the highest super-efficiency Charnes–Cooper–Rhodes (CCR) value of 15.0360, indicating an extreme scale-driven output advantage. The proposed DEA framework provides a quantitative, reproducible tool for prioritizing material systems and accelerating the industrialization of cost-effective green PeLEDs.