<p>Flexible nanostructured thin-film solar cells for wearable electronics can degrade under bending because mechanical strain activates defects and weakens interfaces. We develop a strain-aware single-diode model that links bending radius to device performance by coupling strain to diode parameters. The photogenerated current density (<i>J</i><sub>ph</sub>) and saturation current density (<i>J</i><sub>0</sub>) are expressed as strain-dependent terms using sensitivity coefficients α and β, representing reduced carrier collection and enhanced recombination, respectively. Nanostructure light trapping is included through a photoelectric current enhancement factor <i>E</i><sub>n</sub>, defined as a multiplicative scaling of <i>J</i><sub>ph</sub> in the flat state. The framework is applied to 10 bending levels from flat to a radius of 5 mm to predict variations in current–voltage (I–V) behavior that reduce short-circuit current density (<i>J</i><sub>sc</sub>), open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub>oc</sub>), fill factor (FF), maximum power, and efficiency, together with the evolution of light and dark current components. The results provide a compact design screening tool and clarify strain sensitivities, while highlighting continued need for experimental calibration and validation. </p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Performance Analysis of Flexible Solar Cells Based on Nanostructured Thin Films for Wearable Electronics

  • Muhammad Irfan Habib

摘要

Flexible nanostructured thin-film solar cells for wearable electronics can degrade under bending because mechanical strain activates defects and weakens interfaces. We develop a strain-aware single-diode model that links bending radius to device performance by coupling strain to diode parameters. The photogenerated current density (Jph) and saturation current density (J0) are expressed as strain-dependent terms using sensitivity coefficients α and β, representing reduced carrier collection and enhanced recombination, respectively. Nanostructure light trapping is included through a photoelectric current enhancement factor En, defined as a multiplicative scaling of Jph in the flat state. The framework is applied to 10 bending levels from flat to a radius of 5 mm to predict variations in current–voltage (I–V) behavior that reduce short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), maximum power, and efficiency, together with the evolution of light and dark current components. The results provide a compact design screening tool and clarify strain sensitivities, while highlighting continued need for experimental calibration and validation.

Graphical Abstract