This study introduces a square split star-ring structure-based microwave metamaterial absorber (MMA) with pentaband capabilities. The proposed absorber achieves remarkable absorption peaks of 93.18%, 99.82%, 90.49%, 90.47%, and 99.88% at five distinct frequencies, 3.03 GHz (S-Band), 6.12 GHz (C-Band), 8.38 GHz, 11.84 GHz (X-Band), and 15.80 GHz (Ku-Band), respectively. Its thickness is a mere 0.017<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\lambda _{0}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and the electrical dimension of the unit cell measures 0.11<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\lambda _{0} \times 0.11\lambda _{0}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>×</mo> <mn>0.11</mn> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, where <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\lambda _{0}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>λ</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is calculated at 3.03 GHz. The absorption performance remains consistent regardless of changes in polarization angle (<InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\phi $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>ϕ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), and incident angles (<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\theta $</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>θ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), maintains high absorptivity (> 90%) for normal incidence of EM waves. Absorption characteristics are explained with the help of electromagnetic properties, surface current distribution, magnetic field, electric field, and input impedance. The experimental result from the fabricated structure confirms the outstanding agreement with the simulated result. Sensing characteristics were also investigated at 3.03 GHz (S-band). The suggested absorber is a very attractive commercial choice due to several features, like low profile, excellent polarization, and angular stability, sensitivity (S), quality factor (Q), figure of merit, and effective medium ratio value.

A Compact Metamaterial Absorber with Pentaband Characteristic Under S, C, X, and Ku Band Frequency for Absorbing and Sensing Applications

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发表日期：

2026年1月27日

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Shashi Kumar Ranjan,
Juliano Katrib,
Swagatadeb Sahoo

摘要

This study introduces a square split star-ring structure-based microwave metamaterial absorber (MMA) with pentaband capabilities. The proposed absorber achieves remarkable absorption peaks of 93.18%, 99.82%, 90.49%, 90.47%, and 99.88% at five distinct frequencies, 3.03 GHz (S-Band), 6.12 GHz (C-Band), 8.38 GHz, 11.84 GHz (X-Band), and 15.80 GHz (Ku-Band), respectively. Its thickness is a mere 0.017 $\lambda _{0}$ $λ_{0}$ and the electrical dimension of the unit cell measures 0.11 $\lambda _{0} \times 0.11\lambda _{0}$ $λ_{0} \times 0.11 λ_{0}$ , where $\lambda _{0}$ $λ_{0}$ is calculated at 3.03 GHz. The absorption performance remains consistent regardless of changes in polarization angle ( $\phi $ $ϕ$ ), and incident angles ( $\theta $ $θ$ ), maintains high absorptivity (> 90%) for normal incidence of EM waves. Absorption characteristics are explained with the help of electromagnetic properties, surface current distribution, magnetic field, electric field, and input impedance. The experimental result from the fabricated structure confirms the outstanding agreement with the simulated result. Sensing characteristics were also investigated at 3.03 GHz (S-band). The suggested absorber is a very attractive commercial choice due to several features, like low profile, excellent polarization, and angular stability, sensitivity (S), quality factor (Q), figure of merit, and effective medium ratio value.