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<p>Optically transparent <span>l</span>-histidine-doped KHP thin polycrystalline films were deposited by a spray pyrolysis technique while varying the <span>l</span>-histidine concentration <i>x</i> from 0.01% to 0.05% in the formula KHP<sub>0.1−<i>x</i></sub><span>l</span>-His<sub><i>x</i></sub>. The synthesized <span>l</span>-histidine-KHP thin polycrystalline films showed an increased crystalline nature after annealing up to 200°C. Their crystalline nature, crystalline size, strain, and dislocation density were determined from powder x-ray diffraction patterns. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images for each doping concentration were also analyzed. The energy bandgap was calculated from ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectra, and all the films showed high transparency in the visible region. Increasing the <span>l</span>-histidine concentration increased the transmittance from 45% to 75%. Both the direct and indirect bandgap determined from Tauc plots indicate that both bandgap energies decreased as the concentration of <span>l</span>-histidine was increased. Photoluminescence study indicated strong emission of green light from all the samples. The photoluminescence intensity increased with increasing <span>l</span>-histidine concentration, without a change in the peak wavelength, which is suitable for optical device applications. The nonlinear optical (NLO) efficiency of the material as studied by the Kurtz and Perry technique showed an increase in the second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency in the range of 0.64−1.06 times that for the KDP. The studies reveal that such <span>l</span>-histidine-KHP thin polycrystalline films are suitable for optical applications and optical waveguide fabrication.</p>

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Investigation on Optical Behavior of l-Histidine-Doped KHP (l-HisKHP) Thin Film for Optical Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月13日

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  • A. Sinthiya,
  • B. Janani,
  • J. B. M. Krishna,
  • A. Vijayakumar,
  • P. Jayaprakash

摘要

Optically transparent l-histidine-doped KHP thin polycrystalline films were deposited by a spray pyrolysis technique while varying the l-histidine concentration x from 0.01% to 0.05% in the formula KHP0.1−xl-Hisx. The synthesized l-histidine-KHP thin polycrystalline films showed an increased crystalline nature after annealing up to 200°C. Their crystalline nature, crystalline size, strain, and dislocation density were determined from powder x-ray diffraction patterns. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images for each doping concentration were also analyzed. The energy bandgap was calculated from ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectra, and all the films showed high transparency in the visible region. Increasing the l-histidine concentration increased the transmittance from 45% to 75%. Both the direct and indirect bandgap determined from Tauc plots indicate that both bandgap energies decreased as the concentration of l-histidine was increased. Photoluminescence study indicated strong emission of green light from all the samples. The photoluminescence intensity increased with increasing l-histidine concentration, without a change in the peak wavelength, which is suitable for optical device applications. The nonlinear optical (NLO) efficiency of the material as studied by the Kurtz and Perry technique showed an increase in the second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency in the range of 0.64−1.06 times that for the KDP. The studies reveal that such l-histidine-KHP thin polycrystalline films are suitable for optical applications and optical waveguide fabrication.