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<p>Lithium–sulfur (Li-S) batteries have received widespread attention because of their high specific capacity and low-cost raw materials. However, the conductivity of the sulfur cathode of Li-S batteries has led to a low charge and discharge efficiency. At the same time, the shuttle effect, caused by lithium polysulfide (LiPSs) diffusion, results in the irreversible loss of sulfur. In this work, the strategy of constructing a polymer polypyrrole (PPy) shell to suppress shuttle effects is proposed. Specifically, Cu-BTC/S@PPy has been synthesized, with the metal–organic framework (MOF) Cu-BTC serving as the sulfur host, and conductive PPy introduced for surface modification through the ice bath. The results show that the surface-modified Cu-BTC/S@PPy has a higher conductivity and delivers an excellent electrochemical performance. Benefiting from the constructed conductive PPy shell, it not only solves the problem of poor conductivity of the sulfur but also physically limits the LiPSs diffusion, leading to improved LiPSs conversion kinetics. The battery with the Cu-BTC/S@PPy cathode still maintained 482.20&#xa0;mAh&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> after 80 cycles, and maintained a high specific capacity retention of 49.35% after 200 long cycles. This strategy of constructing a conductive physical layer effectively suppresses the LiPSs shuttle and offers a novel research approach to enhance Li-S battery reaction kinetics.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Boosting Reaction Kinetics in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by Building a Shell with Conducting Electricity and Suppressing Lithium Polysulfide Diffusion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月8日

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  • Teng Deng,
  • Xinliang Men,
  • Lin Huang,
  • Liping Chen,
  • Juan Wang

摘要

Lithium–sulfur (Li-S) batteries have received widespread attention because of their high specific capacity and low-cost raw materials. However, the conductivity of the sulfur cathode of Li-S batteries has led to a low charge and discharge efficiency. At the same time, the shuttle effect, caused by lithium polysulfide (LiPSs) diffusion, results in the irreversible loss of sulfur. In this work, the strategy of constructing a polymer polypyrrole (PPy) shell to suppress shuttle effects is proposed. Specifically, Cu-BTC/S@PPy has been synthesized, with the metal–organic framework (MOF) Cu-BTC serving as the sulfur host, and conductive PPy introduced for surface modification through the ice bath. The results show that the surface-modified Cu-BTC/S@PPy has a higher conductivity and delivers an excellent electrochemical performance. Benefiting from the constructed conductive PPy shell, it not only solves the problem of poor conductivity of the sulfur but also physically limits the LiPSs diffusion, leading to improved LiPSs conversion kinetics. The battery with the Cu-BTC/S@PPy cathode still maintained 482.20 mAh g−1 after 80 cycles, and maintained a high specific capacity retention of 49.35% after 200 long cycles. This strategy of constructing a conductive physical layer effectively suppresses the LiPSs shuttle and offers a novel research approach to enhance Li-S battery reaction kinetics.

Graphical Abstract