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<p>TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube arrays (NTAs) doped with equal concentrations of nitrogen (N) and iron (Fe) were fabricated by a two-step anodization technique and were subjects of a comparative investigation under identical conditions. Structural investigations carried out using XRD spectra and WH analysis revealed changes in grain size and lattice strain caused by lattice distortion, confirming the successful incorporation of dopants into the TiO<sub>2</sub> lattice. Elemental composition/mapping and EDX spectra revealed the successful incorporation of N and Fe atoms into the lattice. FESEM images revealed that the doped samples retained their tubular morphology, except for the wall thickness, which appeared different from that of the pristine sample. A redshift in absorption spectra and hence a reduction in bandgap in doped samples, more evident in the Fe-doped sample, was unveiled in optical studies. Photoelectrochemical studies revealed the enhancement in photocurrent densities in the doped samples. – and Fe-doped samples exhibited 3.2-fold and 1.8-fold enhancement, respectively, in photocurrent densities in comparison to the pristine sample. Comparative investigations propose that nitrogen is a more efficient dopant than Fe for TiO<sub>2</sub> photoanodes.</p>

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A Comparative Investigation of Optimizing Fe- and N-Doped TiO2 Photoanodes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月7日

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  • Arshid Mir,
  • Asmat Hassan,
  • Ahmed H. Alfarhan,
  • Abdul Shakoor,
  • Khalid bin Masood,
  • Saleem Yousuf,
  • Masroor Ahmad

摘要

TiO2 nanotube arrays (NTAs) doped with equal concentrations of nitrogen (N) and iron (Fe) were fabricated by a two-step anodization technique and were subjects of a comparative investigation under identical conditions. Structural investigations carried out using XRD spectra and WH analysis revealed changes in grain size and lattice strain caused by lattice distortion, confirming the successful incorporation of dopants into the TiO2 lattice. Elemental composition/mapping and EDX spectra revealed the successful incorporation of N and Fe atoms into the lattice. FESEM images revealed that the doped samples retained their tubular morphology, except for the wall thickness, which appeared different from that of the pristine sample. A redshift in absorption spectra and hence a reduction in bandgap in doped samples, more evident in the Fe-doped sample, was unveiled in optical studies. Photoelectrochemical studies revealed the enhancement in photocurrent densities in the doped samples. – and Fe-doped samples exhibited 3.2-fold and 1.8-fold enhancement, respectively, in photocurrent densities in comparison to the pristine sample. Comparative investigations propose that nitrogen is a more efficient dopant than Fe for TiO2 photoanodes.