<p>The ability to control the energy transport and propagation of infrared light is critical, for example, in the design of nanophotonic devices in thermal management. In this work, we design a composite fiber composed of silk fibril coated with an α-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO₃) layer to control thermal management. We demonstrate that high infrared absorption can be obtained in&#xa0;the silk/α-MoO₃ composite based on Mie scattering theory. Four resonant modes are found in the absorption curve due to the natural anisotropic hyperbolicity in the α-MoO₃ shell. The resonant modes can be adjusted by varying the coupling between the hyperbolic phonon polaritons. Numerical simulations illustrate that the strong localization of the magnetic fields can be further enhanced and modified at different resonant wavelengths. The infrared thermal absorption in the silk fibril with the α-MoO₃ layer is increased by three orders of magnitude relative to that without the α-MoO₃ layer.</p>