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<p>Emerging flat optical components based on single layers of metamaterials and metasurfaces have introduced a new approach to microlens arrays. These components hold promise for seamless integration with narrow-bandgap semiconductor-based infrared focal plane arrays, aiming to increase operating temperatures and improve imaging sensitivity. This study focuses on the design and rigorous coupled-wave analysis-based simulation of dielectric-transmissive metalens arrays, specifically tailored to optimize the performance of mid-wavelength infrared imaging arrays. Both Si and Ge metalenses are modeled and compared to spherical lenses, with Ge requiring a smaller aspect ratio than Si due to its higher refractive index, simplifying fabrication. Simulations demonstrate that pixel-registered flat metalenses achieve focusing efficiencies comparable to conventional spherical lenses by reducing the pillar pitch to 1&#xa0;µm, improving phase profile accuracy and minimizing high-order diffraction losses. These findings highlight the potential of customized metalenses to advance infrared imaging technology and provide practical insights for optimizing imaging array performance through integration with microlens arrays.</p>

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Design and Simulation of Metalens Arrays for Enhanced MWIR Imaging Array Performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月30日

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  • Wenwu Pan,
  • Gilberto A. Umana-Membreno,
  • Nima Dehdashti Akhavan,
  • Hark Hoe Tan,
  • Dragomir Neshev,
  • Lukas Wesemann,
  • Patrick Leslie,
  • Ronald Driggers,
  • Lorenzo Faraone

摘要

Emerging flat optical components based on single layers of metamaterials and metasurfaces have introduced a new approach to microlens arrays. These components hold promise for seamless integration with narrow-bandgap semiconductor-based infrared focal plane arrays, aiming to increase operating temperatures and improve imaging sensitivity. This study focuses on the design and rigorous coupled-wave analysis-based simulation of dielectric-transmissive metalens arrays, specifically tailored to optimize the performance of mid-wavelength infrared imaging arrays. Both Si and Ge metalenses are modeled and compared to spherical lenses, with Ge requiring a smaller aspect ratio than Si due to its higher refractive index, simplifying fabrication. Simulations demonstrate that pixel-registered flat metalenses achieve focusing efficiencies comparable to conventional spherical lenses by reducing the pillar pitch to 1 µm, improving phase profile accuracy and minimizing high-order diffraction losses. These findings highlight the potential of customized metalenses to advance infrared imaging technology and provide practical insights for optimizing imaging array performance through integration with microlens arrays.