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<p>CdTe:Se thin film electrodeposition was carried out using cadmium acetate, selenium dioxide, and tellurium dioxide as Cd, Se, and Te precursors in a two-electrode system. Films were deposited at electrolytic bath pH levels of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 and characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning probe microscopy (SPM), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to assess their structural, optical, morphological, and compositional properties. XRD analysis of the deposited films revealed hexagonal crystalline patterns, and average crystallite sizes of 10.08&#xa0;nm, 23.77&#xa0;nm, 8.58&#xa0;nm, and 6.04&#xa0;nm were found for pH values of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 pH, respectively. The increase in pH was associated with an increase in the optical bandgap as evaluated with UV–Vis spectroscopy ranging from 1.75&#xa0;eV to 1.81&#xa0;eV. SPM-measured surface roughness decreased from 92.54&#xa0;nm to 74.38&#xa0;nm with respect to increasing pH level. SEM micrographs revealed tightly packed grain morphology with sizes ranging from 210&#xa0;nm to 318&#xa0;nm. Generally, the film developed at pH 2.5 possessed the most balanced structural quality, crystallinity, and optical performance and can be considered the optimized conditions for use in solar energy conversion technologies</p>

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Influence of Electrolytic Bath pH on the Structural, Morphological, and Optical Properties of CdTe:Se Thin Films Prepared by Electrodeposition for Solar Cell Application

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月21日

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  • I. M. Beker,
  • F. B. Dejene,
  • L. F. Koao,
  • J. J. Terblans,
  • S. Z. Werta,
  • A. U. Yimamu

摘要

CdTe:Se thin film electrodeposition was carried out using cadmium acetate, selenium dioxide, and tellurium dioxide as Cd, Se, and Te precursors in a two-electrode system. Films were deposited at electrolytic bath pH levels of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 and characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning probe microscopy (SPM), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to assess their structural, optical, morphological, and compositional properties. XRD analysis of the deposited films revealed hexagonal crystalline patterns, and average crystallite sizes of 10.08 nm, 23.77 nm, 8.58 nm, and 6.04 nm were found for pH values of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 pH, respectively. The increase in pH was associated with an increase in the optical bandgap as evaluated with UV–Vis spectroscopy ranging from 1.75 eV to 1.81 eV. SPM-measured surface roughness decreased from 92.54 nm to 74.38 nm with respect to increasing pH level. SEM micrographs revealed tightly packed grain morphology with sizes ranging from 210 nm to 318 nm. Generally, the film developed at pH 2.5 possessed the most balanced structural quality, crystallinity, and optical performance and can be considered the optimized conditions for use in solar energy conversion technologies