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<p>Novel two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotropes with intriguing properties, coupled with distinctive carbon networks, have provided a new playground for the design of carbon-based nanoelectronic devices. Here, a series of carbon bubbles designed to be well incorporated into the honeycomb lattice of graphene have been proposed, leading to a range of bubble-wrap-like carbon sheets with tunable properties by varying the in-plane patterns of the carbon bubbles. Consequently, the effect of the bubble incorporation, as well as their 2D arrangements, on the geometric and electronic properties of the bubble-decorated graphene sheets has been revealed by first-principles calculations. In addition to the superior structural stability, the results indicate that the incorporation of the proposed carbon bubbles is capable of inducing significant changes in the electronic properties of graphene, exhibiting diverse electronic structures with attractive features such as flat bands, Dirac cones, intrinsic direct or indirect semiconductors, and metals, which subtly depend on the specific in-plane patterns of the bubbles. Thus, this work demonstrates that the electronic properties of graphene can be efficiently modulated by the incorporation of carbon bubbles of different orders, and simultaneously provides an intriguing approach to fabricating all-carbon integrated circuits on the basis of a 2D bubble-wrap-like carbon sheet.</p>

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Effective Modulation of the Electronic Structure of Graphene by Incorporating Carbon Bubbles with Different In-plane Patterns

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月13日

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  • Wentao Li,
  • Shiying Zhang

摘要

Novel two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotropes with intriguing properties, coupled with distinctive carbon networks, have provided a new playground for the design of carbon-based nanoelectronic devices. Here, a series of carbon bubbles designed to be well incorporated into the honeycomb lattice of graphene have been proposed, leading to a range of bubble-wrap-like carbon sheets with tunable properties by varying the in-plane patterns of the carbon bubbles. Consequently, the effect of the bubble incorporation, as well as their 2D arrangements, on the geometric and electronic properties of the bubble-decorated graphene sheets has been revealed by first-principles calculations. In addition to the superior structural stability, the results indicate that the incorporation of the proposed carbon bubbles is capable of inducing significant changes in the electronic properties of graphene, exhibiting diverse electronic structures with attractive features such as flat bands, Dirac cones, intrinsic direct or indirect semiconductors, and metals, which subtly depend on the specific in-plane patterns of the bubbles. Thus, this work demonstrates that the electronic properties of graphene can be efficiently modulated by the incorporation of carbon bubbles of different orders, and simultaneously provides an intriguing approach to fabricating all-carbon integrated circuits on the basis of a 2D bubble-wrap-like carbon sheet.