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<p>The development of ethanol sensors has recently garnered significant technological attention for detecting ethanol in spoiled food items. In this work, an α-manganese dioxide (MnO<sub>2</sub>)-modified graphite electrode-based electrochemical sensor was developed, and its characteristics were studied to detect ethanol from an alkaline medium. The hydrothermal method was used to synthesize α-MnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles, and elemental content, surface morphology, vibrational bonds, and crystalline structure were characterized by energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX), x-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyze the chemical state of MnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles. In addition, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET)&#xa0;analysis was performed to evaluate the surface area, pore radius and pore volume of the material. The α-MnO<sub>2</sub> -modified graphite electrode was prepared by drop casting for ethanol detection in alkaline media and was studied by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The α-MnO<sub>2</sub>-modified graphite electrode exhibited electrochemical capabilities during the detection of ethanol in an alkaline solution with a pH of 9. A linear current response was observed using ethanol concentration ranges from 1 to 6&#xa0;µM. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the proposed electrochemical sensor were calculated to be 0.3621&#xa0;µM and 1.0947&#xa0;µM, respectively. The correlation coefficient (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>) and sensitivity of the proposed sensor were 0.99 and 6.2770&#xa0;mA/µM/cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. It was determined that the prepared sensor demonstrated stability of 93%. Based on the results, the proposed sensor demonstrates suitability for ethanol detection in alkaline media due to its low detection limit and excellent stability.</p>

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Development and Investigation of an Electrochemical Sensor for Ethanol Detection in Alkaline Medium Using Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月19日

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  • Mythili Kumaresan Kavitha,
  • Radha Sankararajan,
  • Sreeja Balakrishnapillai Suseela,
  • Muthumeenakshi Kailasam

摘要

The development of ethanol sensors has recently garnered significant technological attention for detecting ethanol in spoiled food items. In this work, an α-manganese dioxide (MnO2)-modified graphite electrode-based electrochemical sensor was developed, and its characteristics were studied to detect ethanol from an alkaline medium. The hydrothermal method was used to synthesize α-MnO2 nanoparticles, and elemental content, surface morphology, vibrational bonds, and crystalline structure were characterized by energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX), x-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyze the chemical state of MnO2 nanoparticles. In addition, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis was performed to evaluate the surface area, pore radius and pore volume of the material. The α-MnO2 -modified graphite electrode was prepared by drop casting for ethanol detection in alkaline media and was studied by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The α-MnO2-modified graphite electrode exhibited electrochemical capabilities during the detection of ethanol in an alkaline solution with a pH of 9. A linear current response was observed using ethanol concentration ranges from 1 to 6 µM. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the proposed electrochemical sensor were calculated to be 0.3621 µM and 1.0947 µM, respectively. The correlation coefficient (R2) and sensitivity of the proposed sensor were 0.99 and 6.2770 mA/µM/cm2, respectively. It was determined that the prepared sensor demonstrated stability of 93%. Based on the results, the proposed sensor demonstrates suitability for ethanol detection in alkaline media due to its low detection limit and excellent stability.