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<p>This study investigates the impact of incorporating graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the properties of selenium-doped Ni-Zn spinel ferrite (NZSF)/GNP composites synthesized using the sol–gel auto-combustion method. XRD results confirmed the formation of a single-phase spinel structure with crystallite size range of 25.44–40.95&#xa0;nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that the NZSF nanoparticles were densely distributed on the GNPs, with minimal aggregation and some visible particle clusters. Raman spectroscopy indicated structural development consistent with the Fd3m space group. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) analysis revealed that the sample with 1.25 wt.% GNPs exhibited the highest bandgap energy of 2.50&#xa0;eV. Two-probe current–voltage (I–V) measurements showed that the electrical resistivity of the samples was decreased with increases in temperature, confirming the semiconductor nature of the material. Furthermore, the addition of GNPs also reduced the resistivity of the composites with the sample containing 3.75 wt.% GNPs having the lowest value. The activation energy was also calculated from the I–V results and found in the range from 0.16 to 0.59&#xa0;eV. LCR measurements showed that the sample with 1.25-wt.% GNPs exhibited the lowest real and imaginary parts of impedance, the highest real part of the dielectric constant, and the greatest AC conductivity. VSM measurements were performed to study the magnetic aspect of the prepared composites and it was revealed that the sample with 2.5-wt.% GNPs showed reduced saturation magnetization, remanence, microwave operating frequency, and squareness ratio. These findings show that the prepared NZSF/GNPs composites have a great potential for applications in high-frequency devices.</p>

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Synthesis of Se-substituted Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4Ferrite/GNPs Composites: An Investigation of Electrical and Magneto-Dielectric Behavior

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月3日

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  • Mubashir Naveed,
  • Muhammad Imran Arshad,
  • Nasir Amin,
  • Muhammad Ajaz un Nabi

摘要

This study investigates the impact of incorporating graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the properties of selenium-doped Ni-Zn spinel ferrite (NZSF)/GNP composites synthesized using the sol–gel auto-combustion method. XRD results confirmed the formation of a single-phase spinel structure with crystallite size range of 25.44–40.95 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that the NZSF nanoparticles were densely distributed on the GNPs, with minimal aggregation and some visible particle clusters. Raman spectroscopy indicated structural development consistent with the Fd3m space group. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) analysis revealed that the sample with 1.25 wt.% GNPs exhibited the highest bandgap energy of 2.50 eV. Two-probe current–voltage (I–V) measurements showed that the electrical resistivity of the samples was decreased with increases in temperature, confirming the semiconductor nature of the material. Furthermore, the addition of GNPs also reduced the resistivity of the composites with the sample containing 3.75 wt.% GNPs having the lowest value. The activation energy was also calculated from the I–V results and found in the range from 0.16 to 0.59 eV. LCR measurements showed that the sample with 1.25-wt.% GNPs exhibited the lowest real and imaginary parts of impedance, the highest real part of the dielectric constant, and the greatest AC conductivity. VSM measurements were performed to study the magnetic aspect of the prepared composites and it was revealed that the sample with 2.5-wt.% GNPs showed reduced saturation magnetization, remanence, microwave operating frequency, and squareness ratio. These findings show that the prepared NZSF/GNPs composites have a great potential for applications in high-frequency devices.