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<p>Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) thin films with nanotextured surfaces were deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) and soda lime glass substrates using metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at varying temperatures. This study reveals that deposition temperature significantly influences the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of TiO<sub>2</sub> films, directly impacting their hydrogen production efficiency. Notably, the films exhibit a transition to smaller crystallite sizes and a shift in bandgap energy with temperature variation, a phenomenon not extensively reported in the literature. Films deposited at 400°C demonstrated superior photoelectrochemical performance, achieving a high onset current of 2.1&#xa0;mA/cm<sup>2</sup> and a maximum photocurrent density of 6.69&#xa0;mA/cm<sup>2</sup>. The maximum incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE = 24.2% @310&#xa0;nm) and applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE = 2.52%) values achieved are unprecedented in the field. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis indicates enhanced charge transfer and conductivity, contributing to increased photocurrent. Additionally, the optimized sample exhibited exceptional stability, maintaining 98% of its initial efficiency after six cycles, with a hydrogen production rate that surpassed previously reported values for TiO<sub>2</sub>-based photoanodes. These findings highlight the promise of TiO<sub>2</sub> thin films as efficient photoanodes for sustainable hydrogen production, contributing to advancements in renewable energy technologies.</p>

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Adaption of the Electrical and Morphological Properties of MOCVD-Deposited Nanotextured TiO2 Thin Films for Efficient Green Hydrogen Production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月23日

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  • Zaki S. Khalifa,
  • Mohamed Shaban,
  • Mohamed Zayed

摘要

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films with nanotextured surfaces were deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) and soda lime glass substrates using metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) at varying temperatures. This study reveals that deposition temperature significantly influences the structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties of TiO2 films, directly impacting their hydrogen production efficiency. Notably, the films exhibit a transition to smaller crystallite sizes and a shift in bandgap energy with temperature variation, a phenomenon not extensively reported in the literature. Films deposited at 400°C demonstrated superior photoelectrochemical performance, achieving a high onset current of 2.1 mA/cm2 and a maximum photocurrent density of 6.69 mA/cm2. The maximum incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE = 24.2% @310 nm) and applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE = 2.52%) values achieved are unprecedented in the field. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis indicates enhanced charge transfer and conductivity, contributing to increased photocurrent. Additionally, the optimized sample exhibited exceptional stability, maintaining 98% of its initial efficiency after six cycles, with a hydrogen production rate that surpassed previously reported values for TiO2-based photoanodes. These findings highlight the promise of TiO2 thin films as efficient photoanodes for sustainable hydrogen production, contributing to advancements in renewable energy technologies.