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<p>A novel photocathode featuring a rod-shaped architecture, made of W(VI) oxide/polypyrrole (WO<sub>3</sub>/Ppy NR-C) and containing traces of W(VI) trichalcogenide (WS<sub>3</sub>), has been developed using a one-pot synthesis technique. This nanocomposite exhibits a highly crystalline structure with a crystal size of 71&#xa0;nm and a bandgap of 2.26, making it an efficient photon-absorbing material capable of generating hot electrons. When tested for wastewater splitting, the WO<sub>3</sub>/Ppy NR-C photocathode achieved a hydrogen generation rate of 30&#xa0;<i>µ</i>mol per 10 cm<sup>2</sup>/h, based on the current density (<i>J</i><sub>ph</sub>) measured at different optical energies. At a value of −&#xa0;0.18&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>, the photocurrent density showed a promising improvement compared to the dark current density (<i>J</i><sub>o</sub>) of −&#xa0;0.08&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>. Further evaluation under photon energies ranging from 3.6 eV to 1.7&#xa0;eV yielded <i>J</i><sub>ph</sub> values of −&#xa0;0.151&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>, −&#xa0;0.142&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>, and −&#xa0;0.133&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup> for photon energies of 3.6&#xa0;eV, 2.8&#xa0;eV, and 2.3&#xa0;eV, respectively. These findings suggest that higher photon energies enhance hot electron generation, promoting more efficient interaction with sewage water and hydrogen production. The WO<sub>3</sub>/Ppy NR-C photocathode's outstanding morphology, optical characteristics, crystalline structure, scalability, and ease of fabrication make it a promising candidate for industrial-scale applications.</p>

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A One-Pot Approach for Synthesizing a Rod-Shaped Photocathode Composed of W(VI) Oxide/Polypyrrole for Sacrificial Agent-Free Green Hydrogen Production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月9日

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  • Mohamed Rabia,
  • Maha Abdallah Alnuwaiser

摘要

A novel photocathode featuring a rod-shaped architecture, made of W(VI) oxide/polypyrrole (WO3/Ppy NR-C) and containing traces of W(VI) trichalcogenide (WS3), has been developed using a one-pot synthesis technique. This nanocomposite exhibits a highly crystalline structure with a crystal size of 71 nm and a bandgap of 2.26, making it an efficient photon-absorbing material capable of generating hot electrons. When tested for wastewater splitting, the WO3/Ppy NR-C photocathode achieved a hydrogen generation rate of 30 µmol per 10 cm2/h, based on the current density (Jph) measured at different optical energies. At a value of − 0.18 mA cm−2, the photocurrent density showed a promising improvement compared to the dark current density (Jo) of − 0.08 mA cm−2. Further evaluation under photon energies ranging from 3.6 eV to 1.7 eV yielded Jph values of − 0.151 mA cm−2, − 0.142 mA cm−2, and − 0.133 mA cm−2 for photon energies of 3.6 eV, 2.8 eV, and 2.3 eV, respectively. These findings suggest that higher photon energies enhance hot electron generation, promoting more efficient interaction with sewage water and hydrogen production. The WO3/Ppy NR-C photocathode's outstanding morphology, optical characteristics, crystalline structure, scalability, and ease of fabrication make it a promising candidate for industrial-scale applications.