<p>Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of manganite perovskite LaMnO<sub>3+δ</sub> are discussed as a function of oxygen excess, <i>δ</i>. For this reason, samples of LaMnO<sub>3+δ</sub> with a wide range of <i>δ</i> values (0.05&#xa0;≤&#xa0;<i>δ</i>&#xa0;≤&#xa0;0.24), have been prepared via a co-precipitation process followed by calcination in air at different temperatures. The values of <i>δ</i> were determined by iodometric titration. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the structure of LaMnO<sub>3+δ</sub> is susceptible to the oxygen content, and it changes from orthorhombic for <i>δ</i>&#xa0;=&#xa0;0.09 to rhombohedral for <i>δ</i>&#xa0;≥&#xa0;0.13. The significant change in the unit-cell parameter and the volume per formula unit (<i>V</i><sub><i>f</i></sub>), which accompany this transformation, cannot be explained by steric or electronic effects. Over-stoichiometry <i>δ</i> induces a mixed valence state (Mn<sup>3+</sup>, Mn<sup>4+</sup>) and a decrease in the Jahn–Teller effect: with more open Mn-O-Mn angles, these would favor the double-exchange (DE) interaction. However, the increase in the proportion of Mn vacancies disrupts the connection paths and makes the DE coupling weaker. The influence of the observed defective structures on the ESR measurements is discussed. The ESR spectra recorded at room temperature are symmetrical lines in the Lorentzian shape with a resonance field corresponding to values of <i>g&#xa0;=&#xa0;</i>1.996, and are characteristic of a paramagnetic regime. The changes in the percentage of Mn<sup>3+</sup> and Mn<sup>4+</sup> vacancies at the B-sites and the Mn-O-Mn bond angle shows that the ESR response is managed by bottlenecked spin relaxation taking place from the exchange-coupled Mn<sup>4+</sup> via Mn<sup>3+</sup> to the lattice. For LaMnO<sub>3.24</sub>, the increase in ΔI<sub>pp</sub> with the narrowest ESR linewidth, ΔH<sub>pp</sub> , was interpreted as the formation of a charge order (Mn<sup>3+</sup>/Mn<sup>4+</sup>) involving local DE to form a Zener polaron. The charge ordering is observed for half-doped manganites of La<sub>0.5</sub>A’<sub>0.5</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub> where A’ is a divalent cation.</p>

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ESR Study of Double-Exchange Phenomenon in Non-Stoichiometric LaMnO3+δ Correlated to the Crystal Structure

  • Mondher Yahya,
  • Ahmed Hichem Hamzaoui

摘要

Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of manganite perovskite LaMnO3+δ are discussed as a function of oxygen excess, δ. For this reason, samples of LaMnO3+δ with a wide range of δ values (0.05 ≤ δ ≤ 0.24), have been prepared via a co-precipitation process followed by calcination in air at different temperatures. The values of δ were determined by iodometric titration. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the structure of LaMnO3+δ is susceptible to the oxygen content, and it changes from orthorhombic for δ = 0.09 to rhombohedral for δ ≥ 0.13. The significant change in the unit-cell parameter and the volume per formula unit (Vf), which accompany this transformation, cannot be explained by steric or electronic effects. Over-stoichiometry δ induces a mixed valence state (Mn3+, Mn4+) and a decrease in the Jahn–Teller effect: with more open Mn-O-Mn angles, these would favor the double-exchange (DE) interaction. However, the increase in the proportion of Mn vacancies disrupts the connection paths and makes the DE coupling weaker. The influence of the observed defective structures on the ESR measurements is discussed. The ESR spectra recorded at room temperature are symmetrical lines in the Lorentzian shape with a resonance field corresponding to values of g = 1.996, and are characteristic of a paramagnetic regime. The changes in the percentage of Mn3+ and Mn4+ vacancies at the B-sites and the Mn-O-Mn bond angle shows that the ESR response is managed by bottlenecked spin relaxation taking place from the exchange-coupled Mn4+ via Mn3+ to the lattice. For LaMnO3.24, the increase in ΔIpp with the narrowest ESR linewidth, ΔHpp , was interpreted as the formation of a charge order (Mn3+/Mn4+) involving local DE to form a Zener polaron. The charge ordering is observed for half-doped manganites of La0.5A’0.5MnO3 where A’ is a divalent cation.