Refining the Integration Strategy for CoMn₂O₄ Nanostructures to Maximize Their Effectiveness in Supercapacitor Functionalities

This study aimed to identify the optimal synthesis method for cobalt manganese oxide (CMO) to enhance its structural integrity and electrochemical performance for energy storage applications. CMO was synthesized via three techniques—hydrothermal, sol–gel, and solid-state synthesis—with the solid-state method yielding the most stable and uniform structure, confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Further characterization of the solid-state-synthesized CMO using Raman spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed insights into its morphology, bonding structure, and elemental composition. Electrochemical measurements showed a specific capacitance of 437 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s in a 2 M NaOH electrolyte, demonstrating high conductivity and potential for energy storage. These findings underscore the solid-state-synthesized CMO's applicability in electrochemical energy storage, providing a basis for optimizing the synthesis–structure–property relationships for enhanced performance.