Enhanced Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Mixing of Metal-Complex Dyes

The mixing of N3 and N719 metal-complex dyes was investigated in this work to determine the effects of the combination of dyes on TiO₂film for application in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The dyes were mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and their performance in the DSSCs was measured using current–voltage curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicated that the efficiency of the DSSCs increased to 7% with the addition of the N719 dye to the N3 dye. The surface morphology revealed a smooth and homogeneous distribution of TiO₂ nanoparticles, and the mixed dyes showed broad absorption spectra in the visible region. The EIS results indicated a low electron recombination rate and long electron lifetime for the mixed dye-sensitized solar cells. Overall, the study demonstrated the potential for using a combination of N3 and N719 dyes to improve the efficiency of DSSCs. The employment of mixed dye as a photosensitizer in DSSCs may offer a promising approach for achieving high-performance and cost-effective DSSCs.